Water system
Washingtonville Village
EPA ID OH1502812 · Columbiana County · 801 people served · owned by a local government
Washingtonville Village buys its water from Salem City.
The system's record
- Water bodies
- East Cold Run Reservoir (Salem City Lake), Spring Valley Reservoir, Cold Run Creek
- Raw intakes
- Salem Spring Valley Reserv
Salem Cold Run Creek
Salem Salem Reservoir Intak - Active wells
- 4
- Serves
- 16,850 people · Columbiana County
- EPA ID
- OH1502011
About this area's water
Did you know
- Its purchased water comes from Salem City's reservoirs and wells on Cold Run Creek and Spring Valley, not from any well or river within the village itself.
- The village straddles parts of both Columbiana and Mahoning counties.
- Population peaked in 1900 at 1,092 residents and had fallen to 712 by 2020.
- Its disinfection-byproduct levels are the highest of the three small systems examined in this batch, and it is also the only one of the three with a currently open, health-based EPA violation (a deficiency the state found and the system did not fix).
Source: en.wikipedia.orgdata.epa.gov
History6
- 1832Washingtonville was established (laid out).
- 1833The village's first hotel was built.
- 1844Washingtonville was incorporated.
- 1900Village population peaked at 1,092 residents.
- 2020Census recorded 712 residents.
- 2016NEW: A Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM) MCL violation was recorded for two consecutive quarters (Apr-Jun and Jul-Sep 2016), measuring 0.081 mg/L against Ohio's 0.080 mg/L limit; returned to compliance…
Treatment & pressure
How it is treated
Washingtonville has no source wells of its own; it buys treated surface water from Salem City via an active purchased interconnect, then filters/treats it further at its own small plant before its 100,000-gallon elevated storage tank.
Source: data.epa.govdata.epa.gov
Water pressure
Not published. The system has a 100,000-gallon elevated tank.
Water quality & impurities8
| Contaminant | Level | Limit | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total trihalomethanes (TTHM) Within federal limit currently, though the system had a documented 0.081 mg/L (81 ppb) MCL exceedance in 2016. Figure… | 44.8 ppb | 80 | 2021-202… |
| Haloacetic acids (HAA5) Within limit but notably higher than the other two systems in this batch. | 35.6 ppb | 60 | 2021-202… |
| Haloacetic acids (HAA9) Unregulated broader HAA group. | 46.6 ppb | no federal limit | 2021-202… |
| Chloroform | 29.6 ppb | no federal limit | 2021-202… |
| Nitrate From supplying utility (Salem City); well below limit. | 0.571 ppm | 10 | 2021-202… |
| Radium, combined (-226/-228) From supplying utility; well within limit. | 0.10 pCi/L | 5 | 2018-202… |
| Total Trihalomethanes MCL exceedance Health-based MCL violation, two consecutive quarters (Q2 and Q3 2016); returned to compliance 11/1/2016. Previously… | 0.081 mg/L | 0.080 | 2016 |
| Ground Water Rule deficiency Open, health-based violation since 9/26/2024 (a deficiency the state found was not fixed) with an active EPA enforcement case; no… | N/A violation | N/A | 2024-202… |
Source: ewg.orgdata.epa.govdata.epa.gov
EPA compliance record
Lead at the tap: 90th-percentile result 3 ppb in 2025 (action level 15 ppb).
EPA health-based violations since 2015:
- 2024Ground Water Rule · did not fix a deficiency the state found · open
- 2016Total trihalomethanes (TTHM) · above the legal limit on average · measured 0.082 MG/L (limit 0.08 MG/L) · returned to compliance
EPA's count of 3 includes 1 repeat quarterly violation of the problems listed.
3 violations of any kind logged since 2020: 2 for a report, record or notice that was missing, late or incomplete (the yearly water quality report, a public notice, lead line records); 1 health-based.
EPA compliance record · Salem City (treats the water)
Lead at the tap: 90th-percentile result 9.4 ppb in 2025 (action level 15 ppb).
EPA record: no health-based violations since 2015.
2 violations of any kind logged since 2020: 1 for required testing that was missed or reported late; 1 for a report, record or notice that was missing, late or incomplete (the yearly water quality report, a public notice, lead line records).
Supply stress
Reservoir- and well-fed purchased surface supply (Salem City draws from Cold Run Creek, Spring Valley Reservoir, a separate Salem Reservoir, and groundwater wells) is more exposed to seasonal and treatment variability than a simple two-well groundwater system, and the elevated disinfection-byproduct levels (HAA5 35.6 ppb, HAA9 46.6 ppb)…
Source: data.epa.govdata.epa.gov
Sewers
Storm
Not published.
Sourcesverified
Compiled from the utility's own reports and public records, then independently re-checked against primary sources.
Main supplier in 1 ZIP code
Serves
Main water supplier in 1 ZIP code
- 44490 · Washingtonville99% of residents
Also present in 2 more ZIP codes
- 44460 · Salem1% of residents
- 44431 · Leetonia0% of residents
Population-weighted resident shares; a ZIP code can have more than one system on record. Recomputed from each ZIP's own system list, not from the map's cached footprint.
Buys from · Sells to
Washingtonville Village buys its water from Salem City.
No other system is on record buying water from Washingtonville Village.
What the records show about Washingtonville Village
Who runs it
EPA's record describes Washingtonville Village as owned by a local government. It has 338 service connections and serves 801 people.
EPA classes it as a community water system, one that serves the same residents all year.
Its office telephone on EPA's record is 330-427-2243.
Source: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS), water system record.
How the water is treated
Washingtonville Village buys water that Salem City treats first, so the steps that count are the seller's. EPA's treatment table registers these steps for Salem City: corrosion control, coagulation and settling, chlorine disinfection, iron and manganese removal, fluoridation, powdered activated carbon, and sand or media filtration.
Washingtonville Village adds nothing of its own on that table.
The list is what each system registered with EPA for treatment plants EPA still shows as active, and it can lag a plant upgrade.
Source: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) treatment table (EPA Envirofacts, pulled September 2026).
Violations
EPA counts 3 health-based violations for Washingtonville Village since 2015. Health-based means a contaminant above its legal limit or a required treatment step not carried out. They fall into 2 separate problems (one contaminant or rule in one year); the table lists them all.
EPA logs a violation for each compliance period a problem lasts, so the count of 3 includes 1 repeat entry of the problems listed.
EPA logs 3 violations of any kind since 2020: 2 for a report, record or notice that was missing, late or incomplete (the yearly water quality report, a public notice, lead line records); 1 health-based.
| Year | Contaminant or rule | Kind | Measured | Limit | Status in EPA's record |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | Ground Water Rule | did not fix a deficiency the state found | not on file | not on file | open |
| 2016 | Total trihalomethanes (TTHM) | above the legal limit on average | 0.082 mg/L | 0.08 mg/L | returned to compliance |
Source: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) violation records: health-based violations with compliance periods beginning in 2015 or later, all violations from 2020 or later (EPA Envirofacts, pulled September 2026).
Lead and copper at the tap
In the sampling period ending December 2025, the 90th-percentile lead result at Washingtonville Village was 3 ppb, under both the current 15 ppb action level and the 10 ppb level that applies from 2027.
The highest result on file is 5.2 ppb, in the period ending December 2022.
EPA has 9 sampling periods on file for Washingtonville Village since 2016, the first ending in 2016; no period was above 10 ppb.
Every water system has to inventory its service lines, the pipes from the main to each building. In the inventory Washingtonville Village sent EPA, 363 lines are counted.
| Material | Lines |
|---|---|
| Lead | 0 |
| Galvanized, needing replacement | 5 |
| Unknown material | 328 |
| Not lead | 30 |
| All lines | 363 |
Systems sample taps in the homes most likely to have lead pipes or solder. The 90th-percentile result is the level nine in ten of the sampled homes were at or below. Lead comes mostly from service lines and house plumbing, not the source water, so a low result for the system does not clear an old house.
EPA's dashboard status for this inventory: reported all required service line types.
Source: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) lead and copper 90th-percentile results (EPA Envirofacts), sampling periods ending 2016 or later; EPA's service line inventory dashboard, Ohio's 2026 Q2 submission.
PFAS
The water Washingtonville Village buys is treated by Salem City, so the results below are Salem City's.
EPA's fifth national round of testing (UCMR 5) took 4 samples of the water entering the pipes of Salem City in 2023 to 2024 and measured 29 PFAS. No PFAS was detected, PFOA and PFOS (federal limit 4 ng/L each) among them.
Ohio EPA's own statewide sampling tested 1 plant of Salem City (latest sample August 2020). Not one of the six PFAS tested (PFOA, PFOS, PFHxS, PFNA, GenX and PFBS) was detected.
Ohio EPA's current sampling status map lists 1 plant of Salem City as sampled, most recently March 2024.
PFAS are the 'forever chemicals' from firefighting foam, plating shops and non-stick coatings. Results are for water leaving the plant, not your tap.
Source: EPA UCMR 5 occurrence data (final release, August 2026); Ohio EPA statewide PFAS sampling, 2019 to 2021, and its sampling status map.
Disinfection byproducts
Chlorine that disinfects water also reacts with organic matter to form byproducts. Two groups have federal limits: total trihalomethanes (TTHM, 80 µg/L) and five haloacetic acids (HAA5, 60 µg/L), judged on running yearly averages at each sampling site.
For TTHM, the average of Washingtonville Village's samples in 2019, the last year it was sampled, was 35.1 µg/L. The worst yearly average was 84.6 µg/L and the highest single sample was 118 µg/L, from 57 samples taken from 2012 to 2019. A yearly average over 80 is not itself a violation, because compliance is judged site by site.
For HAA5, the average in the last year sampled was 36.4 µg/L. The worst yearly average was 58 µg/L and the highest single sample was 90.8 µg/L, from 57 samples.
| Byproduct | Limit | Latest yearly average | Worst yearly average | Highest sample | Samples |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TTHM | 80 µg/L | 35.1 µg/L (2019) | 84.6 µg/L | 118 µg/L | 57 |
| HAA5 | 60 µg/L | 36.4 µg/L | 58 µg/L | 90.8 µg/L | 57 |
A yearly average of 0 means nothing was detected in that year's samples. EPA's file stops at 2019; Ohio EPA's Drinking Water Watch has newer results.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, distribution-system samples (non-detects counted as zero).
Nitrate, arsenic and radioactivity
The water Washingtonville Village buys is treated by Salem City, so the results below are Salem City's.
Nitrate: the highest of 96 samples was 2.7 mg/L (as nitrogen) in 2013; in 2019, the last year sampled, the highest was 1.33 mg/L. No sample was over the limit of 10 mg/L. Nitrate above 10 is unsafe for infants.
Arsenic was not detected in 8 samples (limit 10 µg/L).
| Contaminant | Samples | Highest result | Limit | Samples over limit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrate (as nitrogen) | 96 | 2.7 mg/L | 10 mg/L | 0 |
| Arsenic | 8 | not detected | 10 µg/L | 0 |
Measured in finished water: at the plant's entry points and in the distribution system; raw well and intake samples are left out. Non-detects count as zero.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, finished water of Salem City.
Solvents and fuels
The water Washingtonville Village buys is treated by Salem City, so the results below are Salem City's.
EPA's file holds results for all six solvent and fuel compounds it checked. Benzene, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, and vinyl chloride were not detected in 12 samples each.
| Compound | Limit | Samples | Detected in | Highest result | Samples over limit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benzene | 5 µg/L | 12 | 0 of 12 | not detected | 0 |
| Carbon tetrachloride | 5 µg/L | 12 | 0 of 12 | not detected | 0 |
| 1,2-dichloroethane | 5 µg/L | 12 | 0 of 12 | not detected | 0 |
| Trichloroethylene (TCE) | 5 µg/L | 12 | 0 of 12 | not detected | 0 |
| Tetrachloroethylene (PCE) | 5 µg/L | 12 | 0 of 12 | not detected | 0 |
| Vinyl chloride | 2 µg/L | 12 | 0 of 12 | not detected | 0 |
"Not detected" means the lab's result was below what its method can measure, not that the compound is absent. Non-detects count as zero in the highest-result column.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, finished water of Salem City.
Farm chemicals and metals
The water Washingtonville Village buys is treated by Salem City, so the results below are Salem City's.
EPA's file holds results for 8 of the nine herbicides and metals it checked. Detected: barium in 6 of 8 samples, highest 19 µg/L (limit 2,000). Not detected: atrazine in 12 samples, alachlor in 12 samples, chromium in 8 samples, cadmium in 8 samples, mercury in 8 samples, selenium in 8 samples, thallium in 8 samples.
| Substance | Kind | Limit | Samples | Detected in | Highest result | Samples over limit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atrazine | Farm chemical | 3 µg/L | 12 | 0 of 12 | not detected | 0 |
| Alachlor | Farm chemical | 2 µg/L | 12 | 0 of 12 | not detected | 0 |
| Chromium | Metal | 100 µg/L | 8 | 0 of 8 | not detected | 0 |
| Cadmium | Metal | 5 µg/L | 8 | 0 of 8 | not detected | 0 |
| Barium | Metal | 2,000 µg/L | 8 | 6 of 8 | 19 µg/L | 0 |
| Mercury | Metal | 2 µg/L | 8 | 0 of 8 | not detected | 0 |
| Selenium | Metal | 50 µg/L | 8 | 0 of 8 | not detected | 0 |
| Thallium | Metal | 2 µg/L | 8 | 0 of 8 | not detected | 0 |
Non-detects count as zero in the highest-result column.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, finished water of Salem City.
Bacteria in the pipes
From 2012 to 2019, 1 of 96 routine total coliform samples taken in the distribution system at Washingtonville Village tested positive (1.04%); in 2019, the last year on file, 0 of 12 did. E. coli was never found in the 1 sample tested for it.
A positive coliform test is a warning sign, not a violation by itself. E. coli is a sign that human or animal waste may have reached the water. Coliform counts are routine samples only; E. coli counts include repeat samples.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, distribution-system presence/absence tests for total coliform and E. coli.
Fluoride
The Ohio Department of Health's report to the CDC (My Water's Fluoride) says Washingtonville Village buys its water from Salem City, a system that adjusts the fluoride level to the recommended level for preventing tooth decay.
EPA's treatment table lists fluoridation among the steps at Salem City, which treats the water Washingtonville Village buys.
Measured fluoride: 1.34 mg/L on average leaving the plants of Salem City, which supplies Washingtonville Village, in 2019 (above the target); samples ran from 0.85 to 1.34 mg/L across 8 samples in 2012 to 2019.
The recommended level for preventing tooth decay is 0.7 mg/L; the federal limit is 4 mg/L. The treatment list is what each system registered with EPA and can lag a plant upgrade.
Source: CDC My Water's Fluoride (fluoridation status as reported by the Ohio Department of Health, fetched September 2026); EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) treatment table; EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, entry-point fluoride samples.
Lithium
Lithium was not detected in 4 UCMR 5 samples at Salem City, which supplies Washingtonville Village, last sampled in 2024 (the method reports from 9 µg/L).
Lithium is not regulated. EPA's draft health reference level is 10 µg/L, and it occurs naturally in deep groundwater, so well systems in the northwest run highest.
Source: EPA UCMR 5 occurrence data (final release, August 2026), samples from 2023 to 2025.
Algal toxins
The water Washingtonville Village buys is treated by Salem City, so the results below are Salem City's.
Ohio EPA tests for microcystin, a toxin that harmful algal blooms can release, in raw water at the intake and in treated water.
At the intake, microcystin was detected 11 times in 234 raw-water samples, across 3 bloom seasons (2016 to 2026); the highest raw-water result was 3.16 µg/L on June 7, 2016. The highest raw-water result since 2024 was 0.598 µg/L.
Microcystin was never detected in treated water (134 samples).
In all, 368 samples from 2016 to 2026, the latest on August 19, 2026.
| Water | Samples | Detections | Highest result |
|---|---|---|---|
| Raw water, at the intake | 234 | 11 | 3.16 µg/L |
| Treated water | 134 | 0 | not detected |
The ten-day advisory levels for treated water are 0.3 µg/L for children under six and 1.6 µg/L for everyone else. Any detection at the intake triggers more frequent testing until two clean weeks.
Source: Ohio EPA public water system harmful algal bloom monitoring, 2016 to present (HAB data, fetched September 2026).
How well the service area is mapped
EPA estimated the service area of Washingtonville Village with a computer model rather than drawing it from the utility's map, so its edges are approximate.
Source: EPA Service Area Boundaries; resident estimate by this atlas from ZIP-code overlap.
Photograph
On the map
Show this system's territory on the map — 3 ZIP codes in all.
Sources
U.S. EPA SDWIS and Community Water System Service Area Boundaries (v3, 2026), Ohio EPA primacy data, 2020 census blocks: the system serving most residents, traced through purchases to the treating utility; Ohio EPA 2023 Sewer and Water Rate Survey (Ohio State, May 2025) for household bills; Ohio EPA DEFA loan awards since 2016 for the loans paragraph · EPA SDWIS · EPA service area boundaries · Ohio EPA drinking water · Ohio EPA rate survey
EPA's own record for this system: Enforcement and Compliance History report for OH1502812 (EPA ECHO).
Notable facts: en.wikipedia.org, data.epa.gov
History: en.wikipedia.org, data.epa.gov, data.epa.gov
Water quality: ewg.org, data.epa.gov, data.epa.gov
Treatment: data.epa.gov, data.epa.gov
Supply stress: data.epa.gov, data.epa.gov
