Water system
Xenia City
EPA ID OH2902812 · Greene County · 29,000 people served · owned by a local government
Xenia City treats its own water from Great Miami/Mad River Buried Valley Aquifer (wells near US-68/SR-235).
The system's record
- Aquifer
- Great Miami Buried Valley Aquifer
- Active wells
- 11
- Serves
- 29,000 people · Greene County
- EPA ID
- OH2902812
City well field near US-68/SR-235 taps the regional buried-valley (sand-and-gravel) aquifer in the Miami Valley; water is very hard, unsoftened.
About this area's water
Did you know
- Xenia deliberately does not soften its water: it comes out of the tap at roughly 400 mg/L hardness, about 23 grains per gallon.
- The city does not fluoridate either — the fluoride in Xenia's water is entirely natural, at about a fifth of the dose used for cavity prevention.
- The aquifer under Xenia could safely give up 11 million gallons a day; the city only takes 4 to 5 million.
- Xenia's two sewage plants empty into different waters: Ford Road to the Little Miami River, Glady Run to Glady Run Creek.
- Xenia sells water to Central State and Wilberforce universities and to Greene County, not just to its own residents.
Source: files-backend.assets.thrillshare.comcityofxenia.orgcityofxenia.org
History6
- 1803Xenia is founded in Greene County; a federal survey team's plat follows the next year (secondary source: Wikipedia, cited).
- 1886The city builds its first water works system (secondary source: Wikipedia, cited; no primary corroboration found).
- 1900The city is operating its own sewage system by this year (secondary source: Wikipedia, cited).
- 1942The Xenia water works is established as a public municipality; the city says it has been customer-owned ever since.
- 1958The Glady Run wastewater treatment plant on Bellbrook Avenue is built.
- 1971The Ford Road wastewater treatment plant is put online.
Treatment & pressure
How it is treated
The Xenia Water Treatment Plant at 1831 U.S. 68 North is an iron and manganese removal plant. Groundwater is first aerated to strip naturally occurring hydrogen sulfide and add oxygen, which combines with ionic iron and manganese; the resulting compounds precipitate out in gravity-fed filters; the…
Source: files-backend.assets.thrillshare.comcityofxenia.org
Water pressure
Not published in any city source found. Neither the Water Treatment Division page nor the 2025 CCR lists pressure zones or psi ranges; the Public Service Department can be reached…
Source: cityofxenia.orgcityofxenia.org
What it costs
$5.91 per 1,000 gallons
Typical household bill about $24 a month for water.
City of Xenia Rates and Fee Schedule effective March 1, 2026: water inside the city is $8.87 per 1,500 gallons, which the city itself states as $0.005913 per gallon — $5.91 per…
Water quality & impurities10
| Contaminant | Level | Limit | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total trihalomethanes (TTHM) Locational running annual average, sampled 8/26/2025; range 15.2-48.7 ppb. | 48.7 ppb | 80 | 2025 |
| Total haloacetic acids (HAA5) Sampled 8/26/2025; range 5.70-9.80 ppb. | 9.80 ppb | 60 | 2025 |
| Total chlorine Range 1.09-1.29 ppm. | 1.19 ppm | MRDL 4 | 2025 |
| Arsenic Sampled 6/27/2023. The CCR carries the standard arsenic advisory language: the water meets the standard but does… | 6.80 ppb | 10 | 2023 |
| Barium Sampled 6/27/2023. | 0.14 ppm | 2.0 | 2023 |
| Fluoride Naturally occurring; Xenia does not add fluoride. | 0.23 ppm | 4.0 | 2023 |
| Nitrate (as nitrogen) Sampled 2/12/2025. Nitrate has been detectable in the source water at some level between 1991 and 2025. | 1.19 ppm | 10 | 2025 |
| Lead (90th percentile) Sampled 7/1-9/3/2025; 0 of 30 samples over the action level. Note the CCR's two footnotes are swapped — the sentence… | 1.80 ppb | action level 15… | 2025 |
| Copper (90th percentile) Sampled 7/1-9/3/2025; 1 of 30 samples exceeded the action level, at 1.38 ppm. | 0.986 ppm | action level… | 2025 |
| PFAS (PFOA, PFOS, HFPO-DA, PFBS, PFHxS… All six regulated PFAS were below detection limits in UCMR 5 monitoring. | not detected ppt | PFOA and PFOS… | 2025 |
Source: files-backend.assets.thrillshare.com
EPA compliance record
Lead at the tap: 90th-percentile result 1.8 ppb in 2025 (action level 15 ppb).
EPA health-based violations since 2015:
- 2016Revised Total Coliform Rule · exceeded a maximum contaminant level · returned to compliance
1 violation of any kind logged since 2020, 1 of them paperwork (monitoring, reporting, public notice or consumer report).
Projects & plans3
Recent and current work
- Current water treatment plant · 1982 · completed
Construction completed 1979, plant placed in service 1982, replacing the original facility of the 1942 municipal water works. No cost published. - City-wide lead and galvanized service line inventory · 2024 · completed
Required by U.S. EPA. Nearly 500 properties were identified as having lead or galvanized steel service lines and their owners were notified by mail. No cost…
Source: cityofxenia.orgcityofxenia.org
Planned or needed
- Lead service line replacement program · under construction
Public Service crews have begun replacing service lines within city rights-of-way and easements, from the water main to the first shutoff (usually the meter).…
Source: cityofxenia.org
Supply stress
Ohio EPA's 2006 source water assessment found the aquifer highly susceptible to contamination given the sensitivity of its location and the potential contamination sources identified, and water quality data collected between 1991 and 2025 has shown detectable nitrate. The city runs a source water protection program with Xenia Township…
Sewers
Sanitary
Xenia operates two of its own wastewater treatment plants. Ford Road WWTP at 779 Ford Road, online in 1971, has a 3.6 MGD design flow and discharges to the Little Miami River; Glady Run WWTP at 2381 Bellbrook Avenue, built in 1958, has a 4.0 MGD design flow and discharges to Glady Run Creek, a Little Miami tributary. Both peak at 12 MGD…
Storm
A stormwater charge of $4.89 a month applies to residential properties of four units or less. Non-residential properties are billed total impervious area divided by 2,900 square feet to get Equivalent Residential Units, times $4.89. Undeveloped parcels are…
Sourcesverified
Compiled from the utility's own reports and public records, then independently re-checked against primary sources.
Main supplier in 1 ZIP code
Serves
Main water supplier in 1 ZIP code
- 45385 · Xenia64% of residents
Population-weighted resident shares; a ZIP code can have more than one system on record. Recomputed from each ZIP's own system list, not from the map's cached footprint.
Buys from · Sells to
Xenia City does not buy water from another system on record; it treats its own source water.
No other system is on record buying water from Xenia City.
Photograph
On the map
Show this system's territory on the map — 1 ZIP code in all.
Sources
U.S. EPA SDWIS and Community Water System Service Area Boundaries (v3, 2026), Ohio EPA primacy data, 2020 census blocks: the system serving most residents, traced through purchases to the treating utility; Ohio EPA 2023 Sewer and Water Rate Survey (Ohio State, May 2025) for household bills; Ohio EPA DEFA loan awards since 2016 for the loans paragraph · EPA SDWIS · EPA service area boundaries · Ohio EPA drinking water · Ohio EPA rate survey
Xenia City's own pages: cityofxenia.org
Notable facts: files-backend.assets.thrillshare.com, cityofxenia.org, cityofxenia.org
History: en.wikipedia.org, cityofxenia.org, cityofxenia.org, cityofxenia.org
Water quality: files-backend.assets.thrillshare.com
Planned work: cityofxenia.org
Water pressure: cityofxenia.org, cityofxenia.org
Capital projects: cityofxenia.org, cityofxenia.org
Rates: files-backend.assets.thrillshare.com
Sewers: cityofxenia.org, files-backend.assets.thrillshare.com
Treatment: files-backend.assets.thrillshare.com, cityofxenia.org
Supply stress: files-backend.assets.thrillshare.com, cityofxenia.org