Water system
Wintersville Village
EPA ID OH4103003 · Jefferson County · 3,924 people served · owned by a local government
Wintersville Village buys its water from Jefferson Co. W and S District - M.
The system's record
- Water bodies
- Ohio River
- Raw intakes
- Ohio River
- Serves
- 5,676 people · Jefferson County
- EPA ID
- OH4102811
About this area's water
Did you know
- Wintersville's tap water changes hands twice before it arrives: the City of Toronto pulls and treats it from the Ohio River at mile marker 59.2, sells it to the Jefferson County Water and Sewer District, and the…
- The village treats nothing at all. Because it is purely a distribution system, Ohio EPA does not require it to run a plant; the water division's job is sampling, storage and pipes.
- The entire village is served from a single 250,000-gallon elevated tank, roughly two days of storage for about 1,900 customers.
- Wintersville reports zero lead, zero galvanized-requiring-replacement and zero unknown-material service lines, a rare clean sweep, established by eyeballing every service during the 2023 meter replacement.
- In 2025 the village tested for 29 different PFAS compounds plus lithium under UCMR5 and found none of them.
History3
- 2004EPA SDWIS records the village's purchased connection from the City of Steubenville deactivated December 16, 2004, leaving the Jefferson County Water and Sewer District as the sole active supplier.
- 2023The village completed a water meter replacement project; every service line was visually inspected on both the public and private side during the work, which is how the village established its…
- 2025All of the village's water was purchased from the Jefferson County Water District, which itself buys from the City of Toronto's Ohio River plant at mile marker 59.2.
Source: wintersvilleoh.usdata.epa.gov
Treatment & pressure
How it is treated
Wintersville does not treat water. It is a distribution-only system: the village purchases its entire finished-water supply from the Jefferson County Water and Sewer District (PWSID OH4101103), which in turn purchases from the City of Toronto Water Department, whose intake is on the Ohio River at…
Source: wintersvilleoh.uswintersvilleoh.usdata.epa.gov
Water pressure
Not published. Neither the CCR nor the village services page states a system pressure; the only storage figure published is the 250,000-gallon elevated tank.
What it costs
Not published online. The village website has no rate schedule, no utility-rate page and no ordinance PDFs; its ordinances are hosted on American Legal's code library, which is…
Water quality & impurities7
| Contaminant | Level | Limit | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total chlorine Residual from the supplier's chlorination; Wintersville adds no treatment. | 0.965 (range… mg/L | MRDL 4 | 2025 |
| Total trihalomethanes (TTHM) The top of the detection range, 79.8 ppb, is within 0.2 ppb of the MCL. Long detention time in a purchased-water… | 50.58 (range… ppb | MCL 80 | 2025 |
| Haloacetic acids (HAA5) The running average is about 92 percent of the MCL and the high sample, 59.6 ppb, is just under it. This is the most… | 55.13 (range… ppb | MCL 60 | 2025 |
| Lead (90th percentile) 0 of 20 samples above the action level. The village reports no lead, no galvanized-requiring-replacement and no unknown… | <1.00 (range… ug/L | Action level 15… | 2025 |
| Copper (90th percentile) 0 of 20 samples above the action level. The CCR's units column is internally inconsistent here, heading the row 'COPPER… | 2.23 (range… ug/L | Action level… | 2025 |
| PFAS and lithium Under UCMR5 the system tested for 29 PFAS constituents plus lithium; none were detected in finished water, so no table… | Not detected n/a | n/a | 2025 |
| TTHM and HAA5 monitoring (SDWIS record) EPA SDWIS carries major routine monitoring violations for TTHM and HAA5 for the compliance… | Two routine… n/a | n/a | 2025 |
Source: wintersvilleoh.usdata.epa.gov
EPA compliance record
Lead at the tap: 90th-percentile result 0 ppb in 2025 (action level 15 ppb).
EPA record: no health-based violations since 2015.
2 violations of any kind logged since 2020: 2 for required testing that was missed or reported late.
EPA compliance record · Toronto (treats the water)
Lead at the tap: 90th-percentile result 0 ppb in 2025 (action level 15 ppb).
EPA health-based violations since 2015:
- 2018Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule · turbidity above the limit in a single reading · returned to compliance
2 violations of any kind logged since 2020: 2 for a report, record or notice that was missing, late or incomplete (the yearly water quality report, a public notice, lead line records).
Projects & plans1
Recent and current work
- Water meter replacement project, including visual inspection of every service line for the lead service line… · 2023 · completed
Source: wintersvilleoh.us
Supply stress
No local source and no local scarcity risk: the village buys all of its water and holds only 250,000 gallons of elevated storage, so its exposure is entirely to its two upstream suppliers. Ohio EPA's source water assessment rates the Toronto Ohio River intake as highly susceptible to contamination from municipal and industrial wastewater…
Sewers
Sanitary
The village runs its own sanitary sewer. The Utilities Department has a sewer division of three employees whose lead operator holds a Class III Wastewater Works license, and EPA's facility registry lists the Wintersville A WWTP at 160 Marshall Rd Rear under NPDES permit OH0022144, currently administratively continued. Ohio EPA records…
Storm
The Wintersville Public Works (Street) Department is responsible for storm sewer maintenance and operation, alongside road, park and tree maintenance. No separate stormwater fee or system detail is published.
Sourcesverified
Compiled from the utility's own reports and public records, then independently re-checked against primary sources.
Main supplier in 1 ZIP code
Serves
Main water supplier in 2 ZIP codes
- 43953 · Cross Creek Township and Steubenville42% of residents
- 43944 · Salem Township and Richmond21% of residents
Population-weighted resident shares; a ZIP code can have more than one system on record. Recomputed from each ZIP's own system list, not from the map's cached footprint.
Buys from · Sells to
Wintersville Village buys its water from Jefferson Co. W and S District - M, which buys from Toronto.
No other system is on record buying water from Wintersville Village.
What the records show about Wintersville Village
Who runs it
EPA's record describes Wintersville Village as owned by a local government. It has 1,872 service connections and serves 3,924 people.
EPA classes it as a community water system, one that serves the same residents all year.
Its office telephone on EPA's record is 740-264-9738.
Source: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS), water system record.
How the water is treated
Wintersville Village buys water that Toronto treats first, so the steps that count are the seller's. EPA's treatment table registers these steps for Toronto: corrosion control, coagulation and settling, chlorine disinfection, iron and manganese removal, fluoridation, powdered activated carbon, and sand or media filtration.
Wintersville Village adds nothing of its own on that table.
The list is what each system registered with EPA for treatment plants EPA still shows as active, and it can lag a plant upgrade.
Source: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) treatment table (EPA Envirofacts, pulled September 2026).
Violations
EPA's record shows no health-based violations for Wintersville Village since 2015.
EPA logs 2 violations of any kind since 2020: 2 for required testing that was missed or reported late.
Source: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) violation records: health-based violations with compliance periods beginning in 2015 or later, all violations from 2020 or later (EPA Envirofacts, pulled September 2026).
Lead and copper at the tap
In the sampling period ending December 2025, the 90th-percentile lead result at Wintersville Village was 0 ppb, under both the current 15 ppb action level and the 10 ppb level that applies from 2027. A result of 0 means at least nine in ten of the homes sampled had no lead detected.
The highest result on file is 2.1 ppb, in the period ending December 2019.
EPA has 4 sampling periods on file for Wintersville Village since 2016, the first ending in 2016; no period was above 10 ppb.
Every water system has to inventory its service lines, the pipes from the main to each building. In the inventory Wintersville Village sent EPA, 1,049 lines are counted.
| Material | Lines |
|---|---|
| Lead | 0 |
| Galvanized, needing replacement | 0 |
| Unknown material | 0 |
| Not lead | 1,049 |
| All lines | 1,049 |
Systems sample taps in the homes most likely to have lead pipes or solder. The 90th-percentile result is the level nine in ten of the sampled homes were at or below. Lead comes mostly from service lines and house plumbing, not the source water, so a low result for the system does not clear an old house.
EPA's dashboard status for this inventory: reported all required service line types.
Source: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) lead and copper 90th-percentile results (EPA Envirofacts), sampling periods ending 2016 or later; EPA's service line inventory dashboard, Ohio's 2026 Q2 submission.
PFAS
EPA's fifth national round of testing (UCMR 5) took 5 samples of the water entering the pipes of Wintersville Village in 2025 and measured 29 PFAS.
PFOA and PFOS were not detected, against a federal limit of 4 ng/L each.
The highest PFAS result was PFBS 3.3 ng/L.
Ohio EPA's own statewide sampling tested 1 plant of Toronto (latest sample June 2020). Not one of the six PFAS tested (PFOA, PFOS, PFHxS, PFNA, GenX and PFBS) was detected.
| Compound | Highest result | Federal limit |
|---|---|---|
| PFOA | not detected | 4 ng/L |
| PFOS | not detected | 4 ng/L |
PFAS are the 'forever chemicals' from firefighting foam, plating shops and non-stick coatings. Results are for water leaving the plant, not your tap.
Source: EPA UCMR 5 occurrence data (final release, August 2026); Ohio EPA statewide PFAS sampling, 2019 to 2021, and its sampling status map.
Disinfection byproducts
Chlorine that disinfects water also reacts with organic matter to form byproducts. Two groups have federal limits: total trihalomethanes (TTHM, 80 µg/L) and five haloacetic acids (HAA5, 60 µg/L), judged on running yearly averages at each sampling site.
For TTHM, the average of Wintersville Village's samples in 2019, the last year it was sampled, was 49.1 µg/L. The worst yearly average was 61.3 µg/L and the highest single sample was 106 µg/L, from 65 samples taken from 2012 to 2019.
For HAA5, the average in the last year sampled was 7 µg/L. The worst yearly average was 38.4 µg/L and the highest single sample was 54.3 µg/L, from 64 samples.
| Byproduct | Limit | Latest yearly average | Worst yearly average | Highest sample | Samples |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TTHM | 80 µg/L | 49.1 µg/L (2019) | 61.3 µg/L | 106 µg/L | 65 |
| HAA5 | 60 µg/L | 7 µg/L | 38.4 µg/L | 54.3 µg/L | 64 |
A yearly average of 0 means nothing was detected in that year's samples. EPA's file stops at 2019; Ohio EPA's Drinking Water Watch has newer results.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, distribution-system samples (non-detects counted as zero).
Nitrate, arsenic and radioactivity
The water Wintersville Village buys is treated by Toronto, so the results below are Toronto's.
Nitrate: the highest of 96 samples was 5.4 mg/L (as nitrogen) in 2018; in 2019, the last year sampled, the highest was 1.22 mg/L. No sample was over the limit of 10 mg/L. Nitrate above 10 is unsafe for infants.
Arsenic was not detected in 8 samples (limit 10 µg/L).
| Contaminant | Samples | Highest result | Limit | Samples over limit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrate (as nitrogen) | 96 | 5.4 mg/L | 10 mg/L | 0 |
| Arsenic | 8 | not detected | 10 µg/L | 0 |
Measured in finished water: at the plant's entry points and in the distribution system; raw well and intake samples are left out. Non-detects count as zero.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, finished water of Toronto.
Solvents and fuels
The water Wintersville Village buys is treated by Toronto, so the results below are Toronto's.
EPA's file holds results for all six solvent and fuel compounds it checked. Benzene, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, and vinyl chloride were not detected in 8 samples each.
| Compound | Limit | Samples | Detected in | Highest result | Samples over limit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benzene | 5 µg/L | 8 | 0 of 8 | not detected | 0 |
| Carbon tetrachloride | 5 µg/L | 8 | 0 of 8 | not detected | 0 |
| 1,2-dichloroethane | 5 µg/L | 8 | 0 of 8 | not detected | 0 |
| Trichloroethylene (TCE) | 5 µg/L | 8 | 0 of 8 | not detected | 0 |
| Tetrachloroethylene (PCE) | 5 µg/L | 8 | 0 of 8 | not detected | 0 |
| Vinyl chloride | 2 µg/L | 8 | 0 of 8 | not detected | 0 |
"Not detected" means the lab's result was below what its method can measure, not that the compound is absent. Non-detects count as zero in the highest-result column.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, finished water of Toronto.
Farm chemicals and metals
The water Wintersville Village buys is treated by Toronto, so the results below are Toronto's.
EPA's file holds results for 8 of the nine herbicides and metals it checked. Detected: barium in 6 of 8 samples, highest 32.7 µg/L (limit 2,000). Not detected: atrazine, alachlor, chromium, cadmium, mercury, selenium, and thallium, in 8 samples each.
| Substance | Kind | Limit | Samples | Detected in | Highest result | Samples over limit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atrazine | Farm chemical | 3 µg/L | 8 | 0 of 8 | not detected | 0 |
| Alachlor | Farm chemical | 2 µg/L | 8 | 0 of 8 | not detected | 0 |
| Chromium | Metal | 100 µg/L | 8 | 0 of 8 | not detected | 0 |
| Cadmium | Metal | 5 µg/L | 8 | 0 of 8 | not detected | 0 |
| Barium | Metal | 2,000 µg/L | 8 | 6 of 8 | 32.7 µg/L | 0 |
| Mercury | Metal | 2 µg/L | 8 | 0 of 8 | not detected | 0 |
| Selenium | Metal | 50 µg/L | 8 | 0 of 8 | not detected | 0 |
| Thallium | Metal | 2 µg/L | 8 | 0 of 8 | not detected | 0 |
Non-detects count as zero in the highest-result column.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, finished water of Toronto.
Bacteria in the pipes
From 2012 to 2019, 1 of 477 routine total coliform samples taken in the distribution system at Wintersville Village tested positive (0.21%); in 2019, the last year on file, 1 of 58 did. E. coli was found in 1 of 381 samples tested for it.
A positive coliform test is a warning sign, not a violation by itself. E. coli is a sign that human or animal waste may have reached the water. Coliform counts are routine samples only; E. coli counts include repeat samples.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, distribution-system presence/absence tests for total coliform and E. coli.
Fluoride
The Ohio Department of Health's report to the CDC (My Water's Fluoride) says Wintersville Village buys its water from Toronto, a system that adjusts the fluoride level to the recommended level for preventing tooth decay.
EPA's treatment table lists fluoridation among the steps at Toronto, which treats the water Wintersville Village buys.
Measured fluoride: 0.99 mg/L on average leaving the plants of Toronto, which supplies Wintersville Village, in 2019 (in the range dentists aim for); samples ran from 0.86 to 1.1 mg/L across 8 samples in 2012 to 2019.
The recommended level for preventing tooth decay is 0.7 mg/L; the federal limit is 4 mg/L. The treatment list is what each system registered with EPA and can lag a plant upgrade.
Source: CDC My Water's Fluoride (fluoridation status as reported by the Ohio Department of Health, fetched September 2026); EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) treatment table; EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, entry-point fluoride samples.
Lithium
Lithium was not detected in 4 UCMR 5 samples at Wintersville Village, last sampled in 2025 (the method reports from 9 µg/L).
Lithium is not regulated. EPA's draft health reference level is 10 µg/L, and it occurs naturally in deep groundwater, so well systems in the northwest run highest.
Source: EPA UCMR 5 occurrence data (final release, August 2026), samples from 2023 to 2025.
Algal toxins
The water Wintersville Village buys is treated by Toronto, so the results below are Toronto's.
Ohio EPA tests for microcystin, a toxin that harmful algal blooms can release, in raw water at the intake and in treated water.
At the intake, microcystin was detected 1 time in 227 raw-water samples, across 1 bloom season (2018); the highest raw-water result was 1.41 µg/L on March 7, 2018. There has been no raw-water detection since 2024.
Microcystin was never detected in treated water (79 samples).
In all, 306 samples from 2016 to 2026, the latest on August 12, 2026.
| Water | Samples | Detections | Highest result |
|---|---|---|---|
| Raw water, at the intake | 227 | 1 | 1.41 µg/L |
| Treated water | 79 | 0 | not detected |
The ten-day advisory levels for treated water are 0.3 µg/L for children under six and 1.6 µg/L for everyone else. Any detection at the intake triggers more frequent testing until two clean weeks.
Source: Ohio EPA public water system harmful algal bloom monitoring, 2016 to present (HAB data, fetched September 2026).
How well the service area is mapped
EPA estimated the service area of Wintersville Village with a computer model rather than drawing it from the utility's map, so its edges are approximate.
Counting the people who live in the ZIP codes it overlaps, this atlas estimates 5,327 residents are inside the boundary, 136% of the 3,924 people Wintersville Village reports serving.
The resident count is an estimate from 2020 Census ZIP-code populations, not a count of customers.
Source: EPA Service Area Boundaries; resident estimate by this atlas from ZIP-code overlap.
Photograph
On the map
Show this system's territory on the map — 2 ZIP codes in all.
Sources
U.S. EPA SDWIS and Community Water System Service Area Boundaries (v3, 2026), Ohio EPA primacy data, 2020 census blocks: the system serving most residents, traced through purchases to the treating utility; Ohio EPA 2023 Sewer and Water Rate Survey (Ohio State, May 2025) for household bills; Ohio EPA DEFA loan awards since 2016 for the loans paragraph · EPA SDWIS · EPA service area boundaries · Ohio EPA drinking water · Ohio EPA rate survey
EPA's own record for this system: Enforcement and Compliance History report for OH4103003 (EPA ECHO).
Notable facts: wintersvilleoh.us, wintersvilleoh.us
History: wintersvilleoh.us, data.epa.gov
Water quality: wintersvilleoh.us, data.epa.gov
Water pressure: wintersvilleoh.us, wintersvilleoh.us
Capital projects: wintersvilleoh.us
Rates: wintersvilleoh.us, wintersvilleoh.us
Sewers: wintersvilleoh.us, data.epa.gov, echodata.epa.gov
Treatment: wintersvilleoh.us, wintersvilleoh.us, data.epa.gov, data.epa.gov
Supply stress: wintersvilleoh.us, wintersvilleoh.us
