Water system
Hicksville Village
EPA ID OH2000212 · Defiance County · 3,600 people served · owned by a local government
Hicksville Village treats its own water from Groundwater wells (4 wells).
The system's record
- Active wells
- 4
- Serves
- 3,600 people · Defiance County
- EPA ID
- OH2000212
About this area's water
Did you know
- Hicksville has a permanent line in American literature: in chapter 33 of Mark Twain's 1885 Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Tom Sawyer claims to be a stranger from Hicksville, Ohio.
- The village's treated wastewater flows into Mill Creek and on to the Maumee River - the same river that supplies drinking water to the city of Defiance downstream.
- The current water plant has been running since January 19, 1987, and Ohio EPA rates the aquifer beneath it as having low susceptibility to contamination thanks to more than 115 feet of protective cover.
Source: en.wikipedia.orgvillageofhicksville.comvillageofhicksville.com
History6
- 1835-1836The Hicks Land Company, led by Henry W. Hicks, platted the community that became Hicksville.
- 1871Hicksville incorporated as a village.
- 1987Current water treatment plant placed online on January 19.
- 2002Ohio EPA completed a susceptibility analysis of Hicksville's drinking water source in November, finding low susceptibility to contamination.
- 2006Current wastewater treatment plant (orbal oxidation ditch) became operational.
- 2025Village failed to sample for HAA5 and TTHM in the designated August window; later samples were non-detect.
Source: en.wikipedia.orgvillageofhicksville.comvillageofhicksville.com
Treatment & pressure
How it is treated
Groundwater is aerated to strip dissolved iron and hydrogen sulfide, held in a 25,000-gallon detention tank for chlorination, then run through four pressure filters (200 sq ft total) to remove oxidized iron before entering distribution. The distribution system has roughly 23 miles of water main…
Source: villageofhicksville.comvillageofhicksville.com
Water pressure
Not published. The system relies on two elevated tanks (400,000 and 250,000 gallons) for distribution pressure; no psi figures or pressure-zone map are published.
Source: villageofhicksville.com
What it costs
$5.85 per 1,000 gallons
Typical household bill about $38 a month for water.
2026 schedule, effective with bills sent in January 2026. Inside the village: water $14.81 monthly base plus $5.85 per 1,000 gallons; sewer $30.00 base plus $11.27 per 1,000…
Water quality & impurities9
| Contaminant | Level | Limit | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lead (90th percentile) No action level exceedance, but the CCR records that 1 out of 21 individual samples was above the 15 ppb lead action… | 1.6 ppb | 15 (action… | 2025 |
| Copper (90th percentile) No samples above the copper action level. | 0.143 ppm | 1.3 ppm (action… | 2025 |
| Total Chlorine Range 0.3-1.9 ppm. | 0.4 ppm | 4 (MRDL) | 2025 |
| Nitrate Not detected. | 0 ppm | 10 | 2025 |
| Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM) Range 5.4-16.1 ppb, from the 2024 revised table carried in the 2025 CCR. The 2025 samples taken outside the required… | 16.1 ppb | 80 | 2024 |
| Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) Range 2.8-4.6 ppb, from the 2024 revised table. | 2.8 ppb | 60 | 2024 |
| Fluoride Naturally occurring plus water additive; monitored less than annually. | 1.15 ppm | 4 | 2020 |
| Barium Well below the MCL. | 0.0756 ppm | 2 | 2020 |
| Monitoring/reporting violation During August 2025 Hicksville failed to sample for HAA5 and TTHM in the designated time window; the disinfection… | 1 violation | 2025 |
Source: villageofhicksville.com
EPA compliance record
Lead at the tap: 90th-percentile result 1.6 ppb in 2025 (action level 15 ppb).
EPA record: no health-based violations since 2015.
12 violations of any kind logged since 2020: 5 for required testing that was missed or reported late; 7 for a report, record or notice that was missing, late or incomplete (the yearly water quality report, a public notice, lead line records).
Projects & plans1
Recent and current work
- Columbia St./Hattery St. Water Main Replacement · 2026 · planned
Bids received by the Defiance County Commissioners on behalf of Hicksville until June 29, 2026. Scope: replace the existing 4-inch water main along Columbia St…
Source: villageofhicksville.com
Supply stress
Low. Ohio EPA's November 2002 susceptibility analysis, reprinted in the village's 2025 CCR, found the aquifer supplying Hicksville has a low susceptibility to contamination on four grounds: a thick protective layer of low-permeability material overlies the aquifer; there is significant depth of aquifer cover (over 115 feet below ground…
Source: villageofhicksville.com
Sewers
Sanitary
Village-owned wastewater treatment plant, operational since 2006, using an orbal oxidation ditch, two clarifiers, alum treatment and UV disinfection, with routine lab testing for CBOD5, suspended solids and ammonia. Treated water is returned to Mill Creek, which flows into the Maumee River - the drinking water source for the City of…
Storm
The village maintains roughly 25 miles of combined, sanitary and storm sewers, and publishes annual Combined Sewer Overflow reports for 2023, 2024 and 2025, confirming the system includes combined sewers. Specific overflow volumes and outfall locations were…
Sourcesverified
Compiled from the utility's own reports and public records, then independently re-checked against primary sources.
Main supplier in 1 ZIP code
Serves
Main water supplier in 1 ZIP code
- 43526 · Hicksville58% of residents
Population-weighted resident shares; a ZIP code can have more than one system on record. Recomputed from each ZIP's own system list, not from the map's cached footprint.
Buys from · Sells to
Hicksville Village does not buy water from another system on record; it treats its own source water.
No other system is on record buying water from Hicksville Village.
What the records show about Hicksville Village
Who runs it
EPA's record describes Hicksville Village as owned by a local government. It has 1,590 service connections and serves 3,600 people.
EPA classes it as a community water system, one that serves the same residents all year.
EPA's record says it has substantially implemented source water protection under Ohio's program, dating the program from 2025. Its office telephone on EPA's record is 419-542-8095.
Source: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS), water system record.
How the water is treated
EPA's treatment table registers these steps for Hicksville Village: aeration, chlorine disinfection, and sand or media filtration.
The list is what each system registered with EPA for treatment plants EPA still shows as active, and it can lag a plant upgrade.
Source: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) treatment table (EPA Envirofacts, pulled September 2026).
Violations
EPA's record shows no health-based violations for Hicksville Village since 2015.
EPA logs 12 violations of any kind since 2020: 5 for required testing that was missed or reported late; 7 for a report, record or notice that was missing, late or incomplete (the yearly water quality report, a public notice, lead line records).
Source: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) violation records: health-based violations with compliance periods beginning in 2015 or later, all violations from 2020 or later (EPA Envirofacts, pulled September 2026).
Lead and copper at the tap
In the sampling period ending December 2025, the 90th-percentile lead result at Hicksville Village was 1.6 ppb, under both the current 15 ppb action level and the 10 ppb level that applies from 2027.
The highest result on file is 8 ppb, in the period ending December 2018.
EPA has 8 sampling periods on file for Hicksville Village since 2016, the first ending in 2018; no period was above 10 ppb.
Every water system has to inventory its service lines, the pipes from the main to each building. In the inventory Hicksville Village sent EPA, 1,525 lines are counted.
| Material | Lines |
|---|---|
| Lead | 1 |
| Galvanized, needing replacement | 0 |
| Unknown material | 1,524 |
| Not lead | 0 |
| All lines | 1,525 |
Systems sample taps in the homes most likely to have lead pipes or solder. The 90th-percentile result is the level nine in ten of the sampled homes were at or below. Lead comes mostly from service lines and house plumbing, not the source water, so a low result for the system does not clear an old house.
EPA's dashboard status for this inventory: reported all required service line types.
Source: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) lead and copper 90th-percentile results (EPA Envirofacts), sampling periods ending 2016 or later; EPA's service line inventory dashboard, Ohio's 2026 Q2 submission.
PFAS
EPA's fifth national round of testing (UCMR 5) took 2 samples of the water entering the pipes of Hicksville Village in 2024 and measured 29 PFAS. No PFAS was detected, PFOA and PFOS (federal limit 4 ng/L each) among them.
Ohio EPA's own statewide sampling tested 1 plant of Hicksville Village (latest sample July 2020). Not one of the six PFAS tested (PFOA, PFOS, PFHxS, PFNA, GenX and PFBS) was detected.
PFAS are the 'forever chemicals' from firefighting foam, plating shops and non-stick coatings. Results are for water leaving the plant, not your tap.
Source: EPA UCMR 5 occurrence data (final release, August 2026); Ohio EPA statewide PFAS sampling, 2019 to 2021, and its sampling status map.
Disinfection byproducts
Chlorine that disinfects water also reacts with organic matter to form byproducts. Two groups have federal limits: total trihalomethanes (TTHM, 80 µg/L) and five haloacetic acids (HAA5, 60 µg/L), judged on running yearly averages at each sampling site.
For TTHM, the average of Hicksville Village's samples in 2019, the last year it was sampled, was 4.2 µg/L. The worst yearly average was 17.2 µg/L and the highest single sample was 30.5 µg/L, from 14 samples taken from 2013 to 2019.
For HAA5, the average in the last year sampled was 0 µg/L. The worst yearly average was 4.4 µg/L and the highest single sample was 8.8 µg/L, from 14 samples.
| Byproduct | Limit | Latest yearly average | Worst yearly average | Highest sample | Samples |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TTHM | 80 µg/L | 4.2 µg/L (2019) | 17.2 µg/L | 30.5 µg/L | 14 |
| HAA5 | 60 µg/L | 0 µg/L | 4.4 µg/L | 8.8 µg/L | 14 |
A yearly average of 0 means nothing was detected in that year's samples. EPA's file stops at 2019; Ohio EPA's Drinking Water Watch has newer results.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, distribution-system samples (non-detects counted as zero).
Nitrate, arsenic and radioactivity
Nitrate was not detected in 8 samples through 2019 (limit 10 mg/L as nitrogen; above 10 is unsafe for infants).
Arsenic was not detected in 2 samples (limit 10 µg/L).
| Contaminant | Samples | Highest result | Limit | Samples over limit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrate (as nitrogen) | 8 | not detected | 10 mg/L | 0 |
| Arsenic | 2 | not detected | 10 µg/L | 0 |
Measured in finished water: at the plant's entry points and in the distribution system; raw well and intake samples are left out. Non-detects count as zero.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, finished water.
Solvents and fuels
EPA's file holds results for all six solvent and fuel compounds it checked. Benzene, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, and vinyl chloride were not detected in 2 samples each.
| Compound | Limit | Samples | Detected in | Highest result | Samples over limit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benzene | 5 µg/L | 2 | 0 of 2 | not detected | 0 |
| Carbon tetrachloride | 5 µg/L | 2 | 0 of 2 | not detected | 0 |
| 1,2-dichloroethane | 5 µg/L | 2 | 0 of 2 | not detected | 0 |
| Trichloroethylene (TCE) | 5 µg/L | 2 | 0 of 2 | not detected | 0 |
| Tetrachloroethylene (PCE) | 5 µg/L | 2 | 0 of 2 | not detected | 0 |
| Vinyl chloride | 2 µg/L | 2 | 0 of 2 | not detected | 0 |
"Not detected" means the lab's result was below what its method can measure, not that the compound is absent. Non-detects count as zero in the highest-result column.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, finished water.
Farm chemicals and metals
EPA's file holds results for 8 of the nine herbicides and metals it checked. Detected: barium in 2 of 2 samples, highest 126 µg/L (limit 2,000). Not detected: atrazine, alachlor, chromium, cadmium, mercury, selenium, and thallium, in 2 samples each.
| Substance | Kind | Limit | Samples | Detected in | Highest result | Samples over limit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atrazine | Farm chemical | 3 µg/L | 2 | 0 of 2 | not detected | 0 |
| Alachlor | Farm chemical | 2 µg/L | 2 | 0 of 2 | not detected | 0 |
| Chromium | Metal | 100 µg/L | 2 | 0 of 2 | not detected | 0 |
| Cadmium | Metal | 5 µg/L | 2 | 0 of 2 | not detected | 0 |
| Barium | Metal | 2,000 µg/L | 2 | 2 of 2 | 126 µg/L | 0 |
| Mercury | Metal | 2 µg/L | 2 | 0 of 2 | not detected | 0 |
| Selenium | Metal | 50 µg/L | 2 | 0 of 2 | not detected | 0 |
| Thallium | Metal | 2 µg/L | 2 | 0 of 2 | not detected | 0 |
Non-detects count as zero in the highest-result column.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, finished water.
Bacteria in the pipes
From 2012 to 2019, 0 of 387 routine total coliform samples taken in the distribution system at Hicksville Village tested positive (0%); in 2019, the last year on file, 0 of 48 did.
A positive coliform test is a warning sign, not a violation by itself. E. coli is a sign that human or animal waste may have reached the water. Coliform counts are routine samples only; E. coli counts include repeat samples.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, distribution-system presence/absence tests for total coliform and E. coli.
Fluoride
The Ohio Department of Health's report to the CDC (My Water's Fluoride) says Hicksville Village has fluoride from natural sources at the recommended level for preventing tooth decay. The level it reports is 1.09 mg/L.
EPA's treatment table lists no fluoridation step at Hicksville Village.
Measured fluoride: 1.08 mg/L on average at the plant's entry points in 2017 (in the range dentists aim for); samples ran from 1.04 to 1.08 mg/L across 2 samples in 2012 to 2019.
The recommended level for preventing tooth decay is 0.7 mg/L; the federal limit is 4 mg/L. The treatment list is what each system registered with EPA and can lag a plant upgrade.
Source: CDC My Water's Fluoride (fluoridation status as reported by the Ohio Department of Health, fetched September 2026); EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) treatment table; EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, entry-point fluoride samples.
Lithium
Lithium was found in 2 of 2 UCMR 5 samples at Hicksville Village, highest 26.3 µg/L; detections averaged 25.6, last sampled in 2024.
Lithium is not regulated. EPA's draft health reference level is 10 µg/L, and it occurs naturally in deep groundwater, so well systems in the northwest run highest.
Source: EPA UCMR 5 occurrence data (final release, August 2026), samples from 2023 to 2025.
How well the service area is mapped
EPA estimated the service area of Hicksville Village with a computer model rather than drawing it from the utility's map, so its edges are approximate.
Counting the people who live in the ZIP codes it overlaps, this atlas estimates 3,471 residents are inside the boundary, 96% of the 3,600 people Hicksville Village reports serving.
The resident count is an estimate from 2020 Census ZIP-code populations, not a count of customers.
Source: EPA Service Area Boundaries; resident estimate by this atlas from ZIP-code overlap.
Photograph
On the map
Show this system's territory on the map — 1 ZIP code in all.
Sources
U.S. EPA SDWIS and Community Water System Service Area Boundaries (v3, 2026), Ohio EPA primacy data, 2020 census blocks: the system serving most residents, traced through purchases to the treating utility; Ohio EPA 2023 Sewer and Water Rate Survey (Ohio State, May 2025) for household bills; Ohio EPA DEFA loan awards since 2016 for the loans paragraph · EPA SDWIS · EPA service area boundaries · Ohio EPA drinking water · Ohio EPA rate survey
EPA's own record for this system: Enforcement and Compliance History report for OH2000212 (EPA ECHO).
Notable facts: en.wikipedia.org, villageofhicksville.com, villageofhicksville.com, villageofhicksville.com
History: en.wikipedia.org, villageofhicksville.com, villageofhicksville.com, villageofhicksville.com
Water quality: villageofhicksville.com
Water pressure: villageofhicksville.com
Capital projects: villageofhicksville.com
Rates: villageofhicksville.com, villageofhicksville.com
Sewers: villageofhicksville.com, villageofhicksville.com
Treatment: villageofhicksville.com, villageofhicksville.com
Supply stress: villageofhicksville.com
