Water system
Powhatan Point Public Water System
EPA ID OH0701412 · Belmont County · 1,592 people served
Powhatan Point Public Water System treats its own water from Groundwater wells (3 wells).
The system's record
- Active wells
- 3
- Serves
- 1,592 people · Belmont County
- EPA ID
- OH0701412
About this area's water
Did you know
- The name honors the Powhatan Native American tribe, with 'Point' referring to the confluence of Captina Creek and the Ohio River where the village sits.
- The village was first surveyed/laid out in 1849 by Franklin Knox.
- The village's population peaked in 1930 at 2,329 during the coal-mining era — nearly 60% above its 2020 population of 1,461.
- Many residents commute across the Ohio River to Moundsville and Wheeling, West Virginia, for work; the village is considered part of the Wheeling metro area.
Source: en.wikipedia.orghmdb.org
History4
- 1828A post office called Powhatan Point began operating.
- 1849The village was formally platted along the Ohio River at the confluence with Captina Creek, laid out by Franklin Knox.
- 1930Village population peaked at 2,329 residents, above even the 1980 figure of 2,181.
- 2020Census population was 1,461, down from 1,592 in 2010.
Source: en.wikipedia.orghmdb.org
Treatment & pressure
How it is treated
Village draws from three groundwater wells (two production wells plus a standby well, per system input). The 2024 CCR states the Village of Powhatan Point sampled for total coliform bacteria, lead, copper, nitrate, and synthetic organic chemicals (SOCs) in 2023; all bacteria samples were negative…
Source: ohioruralwater.org
Water pressure
Not published — no CCR, engineering report, or pressure-zone map with a pressure figure was located.
What it costs
No published water rate schedule or ordinance was located online; the village's rate/ordinance code is not published digitally.
Water quality & impurities2
| Contaminant | Level | Limit | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total coliform bacteria All samples negative, per 2024 CCR. | 0 positive… | n/a | 2023 |
| Lead, Copper, Nitrate, SOCs All below detectable levels, per 2024 CCR. | 0 detected | n/a | 2023 |
Source: ohioruralwater.org
EPA compliance record
Lead at the tap: 90th-percentile result 0.8 ppb in 2024 (action level 15 ppb).
EPA record: no health-based violations since 2015.
2 violations of any kind logged since 2020: 2 for a report, record or notice that was missing, late or incomplete (the yearly water quality report, a public notice, lead line records).
Supply stress
The aquifer supplying Powhatan Point is officially rated 'highly susceptible to contamination' in the village's source water assessment, meaning conditions make contamination relatively likely under current conditions.
Source: ohioruralwater.org
Sourcesverified
Compiled from the utility's own reports and public records, then independently re-checked against primary sources.
Main supplier in 1 ZIP code
Serves
Main water supplier in 1 ZIP code
- 43942 · Powhatan Point76% of residents
Population-weighted resident shares; a ZIP code can have more than one system on record. Recomputed from each ZIP's own system list, not from the map's cached footprint.
Buys from · Sells to
Powhatan Point Public Water System does not buy water from another system on record; it treats its own source water.
1 system on record buys water from Powhatan Point Public Water System: York Township Water Authority.
What the records show about Powhatan Point Public Water System
Who runs it
EPA's record says Powhatan Point Public Water System has 800 service connections and serves 1,592 people.
EPA classes it as a community water system, one that serves the same residents all year.
EPA's record says it has substantially implemented source water protection under Ohio's program, dating the program from 2025. Its office telephone on EPA's record is 740-795-4201.
Source: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS), water system record.
How the water is treated
EPA's treatment table registers these steps for Powhatan Point Public Water System: chlorine disinfection and fluoridation.
The list is what each system registered with EPA for treatment plants EPA still shows as active, and it can lag a plant upgrade.
Source: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) treatment table (EPA Envirofacts, pulled September 2026).
Violations
EPA's record shows no health-based violations for Powhatan Point Public Water System since 2015.
EPA logs 2 violations of any kind since 2020: 2 for a report, record or notice that was missing, late or incomplete (the yearly water quality report, a public notice, lead line records).
Source: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) violation records: health-based violations with compliance periods beginning in 2015 or later, all violations from 2020 or later (EPA Envirofacts, pulled September 2026).
Lead and copper at the tap
In the sampling period ending December 2024, the 90th-percentile lead result at Powhatan Point Public Water System was 0.8 ppb, under both the current 15 ppb action level and the 10 ppb level that applies from 2027.
The highest result on file is 2.4 ppb, in the period ending December 2021.
EPA has 3 sampling periods on file for Powhatan Point Public Water System since 2016, the first ending in 2018; no period was above 10 ppb.
Every water system has to inventory its service lines, the pipes from the main to each building. In the inventory Powhatan Point Public Water System sent EPA, 709 lines are counted.
| Material | Lines |
|---|---|
| Lead | 0 |
| Galvanized, needing replacement | 0 |
| Unknown material | 0 |
| Not lead | 709 |
| All lines | 709 |
Systems sample taps in the homes most likely to have lead pipes or solder. The 90th-percentile result is the level nine in ten of the sampled homes were at or below. Lead comes mostly from service lines and house plumbing, not the source water, so a low result for the system does not clear an old house.
EPA's dashboard status for this inventory: reported all required service line types.
Source: EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) lead and copper 90th-percentile results (EPA Envirofacts), sampling periods ending 2016 or later; EPA's service line inventory dashboard, Ohio's 2026 Q2 submission.
PFAS
Ohio EPA's own statewide sampling tested 2 plants of Powhatan Point Public Water System (latest sample March 2021). The highest result was PFBS at 5.1 ppt (ppt is the same unit as ng/L), against Ohio's action level of 2,100 ppt. Those action levels are the ones Ohio EPA used for the survey; the 2024 federal limit for PFOA and PFOS is 4 ng/L.
Ohio EPA's current sampling status map lists 2 plants of Powhatan Point Public Water System as sampled, most recently August 2026.
PFAS are the 'forever chemicals' from firefighting foam, plating shops and non-stick coatings. Results are for water leaving the plant, not your tap.
Source: EPA UCMR 5 occurrence data (final release, August 2026); Ohio EPA statewide PFAS sampling, 2019 to 2021, and its sampling status map.
Disinfection byproducts
Chlorine that disinfects water also reacts with organic matter to form byproducts. Two groups have federal limits: total trihalomethanes (TTHM, 80 µg/L) and five haloacetic acids (HAA5, 60 µg/L), judged on running yearly averages at each sampling site.
For TTHM, the average of Powhatan Point Public Water System's samples in 2019, the last year it was sampled, was 6.8 µg/L. The worst yearly average was 6.8 µg/L and the highest single sample was 8.8 µg/L, from 13 samples taken from 2013 to 2019.
For HAA5, the average in the last year sampled was 0 µg/L. The worst yearly average was 0 µg/L and the highest single sample was 0 µg/L, from 13 samples.
| Byproduct | Limit | Latest yearly average | Worst yearly average | Highest sample | Samples |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TTHM | 80 µg/L | 6.8 µg/L (2019) | 6.8 µg/L | 8.8 µg/L | 13 |
| HAA5 | 60 µg/L | 0 µg/L | 0 µg/L | 0 µg/L | 13 |
A yearly average of 0 means nothing was detected in that year's samples. EPA's file stops at 2019; Ohio EPA's Drinking Water Watch has newer results.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, distribution-system samples (non-detects counted as zero).
Nitrate, arsenic and radioactivity
Nitrate: the highest of 38 samples was 8.4 mg/L (as nitrogen) in 2013; in 2019, the last year sampled, the highest was 6.73 mg/L. No sample was over the limit of 10 mg/L. Nitrate above 10 is unsafe for infants.
Arsenic was not detected in 4 samples (limit 10 µg/L).
| Contaminant | Samples | Highest result | Limit | Samples over limit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrate (as nitrogen) | 38 | 8.4 mg/L | 10 mg/L | 0 |
| Arsenic | 4 | not detected | 10 µg/L | 0 |
Measured in finished water: at the plant's entry points and in the distribution system; raw well and intake samples are left out. Non-detects count as zero.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, finished water.
Solvents and fuels
EPA's file holds results for all six solvent and fuel compounds it checked. Benzene, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, and vinyl chloride were not detected in 6 samples each.
| Compound | Limit | Samples | Detected in | Highest result | Samples over limit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benzene | 5 µg/L | 6 | 0 of 6 | not detected | 0 |
| Carbon tetrachloride | 5 µg/L | 6 | 0 of 6 | not detected | 0 |
| 1,2-dichloroethane | 5 µg/L | 6 | 0 of 6 | not detected | 0 |
| Trichloroethylene (TCE) | 5 µg/L | 6 | 0 of 6 | not detected | 0 |
| Tetrachloroethylene (PCE) | 5 µg/L | 6 | 0 of 6 | not detected | 0 |
| Vinyl chloride | 2 µg/L | 6 | 0 of 6 | not detected | 0 |
"Not detected" means the lab's result was below what its method can measure, not that the compound is absent. Non-detects count as zero in the highest-result column.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, finished water.
Farm chemicals and metals
EPA's file holds results for all nine herbicides and metals it checked. Detected: barium in 4 of 4 samples, highest 80 µg/L (limit 2,000). Not detected: atrazine in 4 samples, alachlor in 4 samples, 2,4-D in 6 samples, chromium in 4 samples, cadmium in 4 samples, mercury in 4 samples, selenium in 4 samples, thallium in 4 samples.
| Substance | Kind | Limit | Samples | Detected in | Highest result | Samples over limit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atrazine | Farm chemical | 3 µg/L | 4 | 0 of 4 | not detected | 0 |
| Alachlor | Farm chemical | 2 µg/L | 4 | 0 of 4 | not detected | 0 |
| 2,4-D | Farm chemical | 70 µg/L | 6 | 0 of 6 | not detected | 0 |
| Chromium | Metal | 100 µg/L | 4 | 0 of 4 | not detected | 0 |
| Cadmium | Metal | 5 µg/L | 4 | 0 of 4 | not detected | 0 |
| Barium | Metal | 2,000 µg/L | 4 | 4 of 4 | 80 µg/L | 0 |
| Mercury | Metal | 2 µg/L | 4 | 0 of 4 | not detected | 0 |
| Selenium | Metal | 50 µg/L | 4 | 0 of 4 | not detected | 0 |
| Thallium | Metal | 2 µg/L | 4 | 0 of 4 | not detected | 0 |
Non-detects count as zero in the highest-result column.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, finished water.
Bacteria in the pipes
From 2012 to 2019, 0 of 192 routine total coliform samples taken in the distribution system at Powhatan Point Public Water System tested positive (0%); in 2019, the last year on file, 0 of 24 did.
A positive coliform test is a warning sign, not a violation by itself. E. coli is a sign that human or animal waste may have reached the water. Coliform counts are routine samples only; E. coli counts include repeat samples.
Source: EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, distribution-system presence/absence tests for total coliform and E. coli.
Fluoride
The Ohio Department of Health's report to the CDC (My Water's Fluoride) says Powhatan Point Public Water System adjusts the fluoride level to the recommended level for preventing tooth decay.
EPA's treatment table lists fluoridation among the steps at Powhatan Point Public Water System.
Measured fluoride: 0.75 mg/L on average at the plant's entry points in 2017 (in the range dentists aim for), with 1 of that year's samples below the 0.2 mg/L reporting limit and left out of the average; samples ran from 0.75 to 0.82 mg/L across 4 samples in 2012 to 2019.
The recommended level for preventing tooth decay is 0.7 mg/L; the federal limit is 4 mg/L. The treatment list is what each system registered with EPA and can lag a plant upgrade.
Source: CDC My Water's Fluoride (fluoridation status as reported by the Ohio Department of Health, fetched September 2026); EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) treatment table; EPA Six-Year Review 4 compliance monitoring data, 2012 to 2019, entry-point fluoride samples.
Water and sewer bills
Ohio EPA's 2023 rate survey puts the water bill at Powhatan Point Public Water System for a household using 5,000 gallons a month at $528 a year, about $44 a month.
The sewer bill in the same survey is $540 a year at 5,000 gallons a month.
| Use | Water, per year | Sewer, per year |
|---|---|---|
| 2,500 gallons a month | $438 | $540 |
| 5,000 gallons a month | $528 | $540 |
| 8,000 gallons a month | $636 | $540 |
The survey lists it as “Powhatan Point”. These are inside-city rates and annual bills at the use shown.
Source: Ohio EPA 2023 Sewer and Water Rate Survey (Ohio State University, May 2025).
How well the service area is mapped
EPA estimated the service area of Powhatan Point Public Water System with a computer model rather than drawing it from the utility's map, so its edges are approximate.
Source: EPA Service Area Boundaries; resident estimate by this atlas from ZIP-code overlap.
Photograph
On the map
Show this system's territory on the map — 1 ZIP code in all.
Sources
U.S. EPA SDWIS and Community Water System Service Area Boundaries (v3, 2026), Ohio EPA primacy data, 2020 census blocks: the system serving most residents, traced through purchases to the treating utility; Ohio EPA 2023 Sewer and Water Rate Survey (Ohio State, May 2025) for household bills; Ohio EPA DEFA loan awards since 2016 for the loans paragraph · EPA SDWIS · EPA service area boundaries · Ohio EPA drinking water · Ohio EPA rate survey
EPA's own record for this system: Enforcement and Compliance History report for OH0701412 (EPA ECHO).
Notable facts: en.wikipedia.org, hmdb.org
History: en.wikipedia.org, hmdb.org
Water quality: ohioruralwater.org
Treatment: ohioruralwater.org
Supply stress: ohioruralwater.org
