{
  "type": "water",
  "pwsid": "OH7200412",
  "name": "Gibsonburg Village",
  "county": "Sandusky",
  "population": 2506,
  "producer": true,
  "source_class": "groundwater",
  "label": "Groundwater wells (5 wells)",
  "bodies": [],
  "intakes": [],
  "wells": 5,
  "aquifer": "",
  "notes": "",
  "urls": [],
  "chain": [
    "OH7200412"
  ],
  "plants": [],
  "facts": {
    "hist": [
      [
        "1991-2010",
        "Benzene, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, and trichloroethylene were detected in the ground water at levels of concern from February 1991 to 2010; the Village removed the contaminated…"
      ],
      [
        "1985",
        "Construction of the village's central sewage (wastewater) treatment facility was completed."
      ],
      [
        "1993",
        "Most sewer plant systems were upgraded with computerized controls."
      ],
      [
        "2010-present",
        "Village continues quarterly volatile organic compound (VOC) monitoring of its wells as a legacy of the 1991-2010 contamination."
      ],
      [
        "2025",
        "Village published a Lead Service Line Inventory, linked from the 2025 CCR."
      ]
    ],
    "treat": "Water comes from five deep limestone wells on the south/southeast side of the village and 'requires only minimal chlorine and aeration treatment' (village water department page); no filtration plant. Note: the same water department page separately states 'six deep limestone wells,' conflicting with…",
    "press": "54 to 55 psi, quoted directly from the village water department page — confirmed, one of the few systems in this batch to publish an actual pressure figure.",
    "rate": {
      "g": null,
      "n": "Not found published online in any source reviewed. A prior claim that a 'Welcome Letter & Pricing' document exists could not be located on the water department page or elsewhere…",
      "m": null
    },
    "imp": [
      [
        "Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM)",
        "19.35",
        "ppb",
        "80 ppb",
        "2025",
        "Range 18.1-20.6 ppb; no violation."
      ],
      [
        "Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)",
        "0",
        "ppb",
        "60 ppb",
        "2025",
        "Not detected."
      ],
      [
        "Lead (90th percentile)",
        "1.8",
        "ppb",
        "15 ppb action…",
        "2025",
        "0 of 10 samples over the action level."
      ],
      [
        "Copper (90th percentile)",
        "0.119",
        "ppm",
        "1.3 ppm action…",
        "2025",
        "0 of 10 samples over the action level."
      ],
      [
        "Fluoride",
        "1.46",
        "ppm",
        "4 ppm",
        "2025",
        "Natural/additive source."
      ],
      [
        "Combined Radium 226/228",
        "1.07",
        "pCi/L",
        "5 pCi/L",
        "2022",
        "Erosion of natural deposits; monitored less than annually."
      ],
      [
        "Gross Alpha (excl. radon/uranium)",
        "4.6",
        "pCi/L",
        "15 pCi/L",
        "2022",
        "Erosion of natural deposits; no violation."
      ],
      [
        "Benzene",
        "0.06",
        "ppb",
        "5 ppb",
        "2025",
        "Legacy VOC from the Feb. 1991-2010 well contamination episode, still monitored quarterly."
      ],
      [
        "cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene",
        "0.1",
        "ppb",
        "70 ppb",
        "2025",
        "Legacy VOC, well under MCL."
      ],
      [
        "Toluene",
        "0.035",
        "ppb",
        "100 ppb",
        "2025",
        "Well under MCL."
      ]
    ],
    "proj": [
      [
        "Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) annual reporting",
        null,
        "2018-2024",
        "completed",
        "Village has posted CSO annual reports for 2018-2024 and a formal Gibsonburg CSO Plan (confirmed via the village's wastewater treatment plant page)."
      ],
      [
        "Lead Service Line Inventory",
        null,
        "2025",
        "completed",
        "Published inventory of service line materials village-wide, linked directly from the 2025 CCR (gibsonburgohio.org/lead-service-line-inventory_2025/)."
      ]
    ],
    "plan": [
      [
        "Gibsonburg CSO Plan",
        null,
        "",
        "unknown",
        "A CSO long-term control-type plan document exists on the village site, but specific future capital items/costs were not accessible in pages reviewed."
      ]
    ],
    "stress": "Per the 2025 CCR's source water information, Ohio EPA rates the well field as highly susceptible to contamination: a thin protective clay layer, shallow depth to water (under 10 ft), location in a sensitive potential karst area, significant potential contaminant sources in the protection area, and documented man-made contaminants…",
    "sew": {
      "s": "Village-owned central sewage treatment plant completed in 1985, computerized upgrades in 1993 (confirmed via the village's wastewater treatment plant page); operates under a Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) permit with annual CSO reports posted 2018-2024 (receiving stream and consent-decree status not confirmed in sources reviewed).",
      "st": "System is at least partly combined (per CSO documentation) rather than fully separated; no dedicated stormwater fee was found."
    },
    "fun": [
      "The village found industrial solvents (benzene, cis-1,2-DCE, PCE, TCE) in one of its wells for nearly two decades before finally pulling it from service in 2010, and still tests quarterly because of it.",
      "In 2025 the water plant pumped an average of 238,492 gallons a day (range 171,880-305,620 gpd) against 700,000 gallons of total distribution storage capacity — a healthy buffer for a town of about 2,500 (figures from…",
      "The 54-55 psi service pressure is one of only a few in this batch of systems to be openly published rather than left to guesswork."
    ],
    "src": {
      "history": [
        "https://gibsonburgohio.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/2025-Drinking-Water-CCR.pdf",
        "https://gibsonburgohio.org/wastewater-treatment-plant/"
      ],
      "treatment": [
        "https://gibsonburgohio.org/water-department/",
        "https://gibsonburgohio.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/2025-Drinking-Water-CCR.pdf"
      ],
      "pressure": [
        "https://gibsonburgohio.org/water-department/"
      ],
      "rates": [
        "https://gibsonburgohio.org/water-department/",
        "https://gibsonburgohio.org/"
      ],
      "impurities": [
        "https://gibsonburgohio.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/2025-Drinking-Water-CCR.pdf"
      ],
      "projects": [
        "https://gibsonburgohio.org/wastewater-treatment-plant/",
        "https://gibsonburgohio.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/2025-Drinking-Water-CCR.pdf"
      ],
      "planned": [
        "https://gibsonburgohio.org/wastewater-treatment-plant/"
      ],
      "water_stress": [
        "https://gibsonburgohio.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/2025-Drinking-Water-CCR.pdf"
      ],
      "sewer": [
        "https://gibsonburgohio.org/wastewater-treatment-plant/"
      ],
      "fun_facts": [
        "https://gibsonburgohio.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/2025-Drinking-Water-CCR.pdf",
        "https://gibsonburgohio.org/water-department/"
      ]
    }
  },
  "zips_served": [
    {
      "zip": "43431",
      "share": 0.5589,
      "dominant": true
    }
  ],
  "photo": {
    "url": "/photos/OH7200412.jpg",
    "caption": "Gibsonburg, Ohio's municipal water tower viewed from Madison Street",
    "credit": "w_lemay",
    "license": "CC BY-SA 2.0"
  },
  "url": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH7200412/",
  "api": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/water/OH7200412.json",
  "generated": "2026-09-16",
  "license": "CC BY 4.0 for the compilation; each source keeps its own terms",
  "cite": "Cracked Buckeye (Open Shower Co), \"Gibsonburg Village · OH7200412\", https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH7200412/, built 2026-09-16, accessed [date].",
  "schema": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/schema.json"
}