{ "type": "water", "pwsid": "OH6100011", "name": "Caldwell Village", "county": "Noble", "population": 3300, "producer": true, "source_class": "reservoir", "label": "Wolf Run Lake (primary) + Caldwell Lake (backup reservoirs)", "bodies": [ "Wolf Run Lake", "Caldwell Lake" ], "intakes": [ "Caldwell Wolf Run Lake I", "Caldwell Caldwell Lake I" ], "wells": 0, "aquifer": "", "notes": "Wolf Run Lake (Wolf Run State Park) is the primary source due to better water quality; Caldwell Lake (500-million-gallon reservoir) serves as a secondary/backup source.", "urls": [ "http://caldwellohio.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/2019_CCR.pdf", "https://ohiodnr.gov/go-and-do/plan-a-visit/find-a-property/wolf-run-state-park" ], "chain": [ "OH6100011" ], "plants": [ { "n": "Caldwell Water Works Treatment Plant", "a": "45081 Marietta Road, Caldwell, OH 43724", "la": 39.7926, "lo": -81.539, "pt": "plant", "wb": "Wolf Run Lake", "src": "Wolf Run Lake (primary) + Caldwell Lake (backup reservoirs)", "cls": "reservoir", "in": [ { "n": "Wolf Run Lake intake", "wb": "Wolf Run Lake (220-acre lake in Wolf Run State Park)", "role": "primary", "src": "3-level intake built into the dam of Wolf Run Lake, half a mile east of the Belle Valley interchange of I-77 and SR 821; utility calls it the consistently better-quality, primary source", "la": 39.7926, "lo": -81.539, "pt": "approximate" }, { "n": "Caldwell Lake intake", "wb": "Caldwell Lake", "role": "backup", "src": "3-level intake at the dam of the 500-million-gallon Caldwell Lake, about 1 mile east of SR 821 and Noble Co. Rd. 127; used when Wolf Run Lake quality/quantity is insufficient", "la": 39.7326, "lo": -81.531, "pt": "approximate" } ] } ], "facts": { "hist": [ [ "1939", "A photograph of a worker at the Caldwell Water Works lime feeders, used as the cover of the 2019 CCR, shows the plant already running lime treatment by this date." ], [ "2019", "Disinfection byproducts hit their published high: TTHM averaged 64.88 ppb with an individual result of 80.2 ppb, and HAA5 averaged 46.03 ppb with an individual result of 61.9 ppb, both against limits…" ], [ "2023", "One of twenty lead tap samples came back above the 15 ppb action level, with individual results ranging up to 35 ppb; the 90th percentile was 0 ppb, so the system did not exceed the action level." ], [ "2024", "Disinfection byproducts fell sharply, to a TTHM average of 30.5 ppb and an HAA5 average of 31.7 ppb, and the village reported meeting all monitoring requirements with no violations for the year." ], [ "2026", "The document posted on the village website as the 2026 Caldwell Water CCR is the blank Ohio EPA CCR template, carrying unfilled placeholders such as {Water System Name} and empty contaminant tables…" ] ], "treat": "Conventional surface-water treatment with taste, odor and organics control. EPA's SDWIS treatment record for the Caldwell plant lists rapid mix, coagulation, a clarifier/solids-contact unit, pH adjustment, potassium permanganate, powdered activated carbon, granular activated carbon, rapid sand…", "press": "Not published. Neither the 2019 nor the 2025 CCR, nor any village engineering document located, states a service pressure or describes pressure zones.", "rate": { "g": null, "n": "Not published online. The village runs an online bill-pay portal (caldwellohio.authoritypay.com) and lists drop-box and drive-thru payment options, but posts no water or sewer…", "m": null }, "imp": [ [ "Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM)", "30.5", "ppb", "80", "2024", "Range 10.8-42.3 ppb. Down sharply from the 64.88 ppb average reported for 2019." ], [ "Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)", "31.7", "ppb", "60", "2024", "Range 6-47.8 ppb. Down from 46.03 ppb in 2019." ], [ "Total Chlorine", "1.89", "ppm", "MRDL=4", "2024", "Range 1.64-2.06 ppm." ], [ "Barium", "0.24", "ppm", "2", "2024", "Erosion of natural deposits, discharge from drilling wastes and metal refineries." ], [ "Fluoride", "1.02", "ppm", "4", "2024", "Range 1.02-1.02 ppm; water additive plus natural deposits." ], [ "Nitrate", "0.406", "ppm", "10", "2024", "Range 0.2-0.406 ppm. The CCR labels this row ug/L, but the MCL of 10 makes clear the values are mg/L (ppm)." ], [ "Lead (90th percentile)", "0", "ppb", "AL=15", "2023", "Individual results ranged 0-35 ppb, and the CCR states that 1 of 20 samples was found to have lead in excess of the 15…" ], [ "Copper (90th percentile)", "0.045", "ppm", "AL=1.3", "2023", "Range 0-0.045 ppm; 0 of 20 samples exceeded the action level." ], [ "Turbidity", "0.23", "NTU", "TT (0.3 NTU in…", "2024", "Highest recorded result; 100 percent of samples met the standard. The 2025 CCR's narrative paragraph contradicts its…" ], [ "Total Organic Carbon (removal ratio)", "1.28", "ratio", "TT (must be…", "2024", "Range 1.28-2.72. A value above 1 means the plant met its TOC removal requirement." ] ], "proj": [], "plan": [], "stress": "A two-reservoir surface supply. Ohio treats all surface waters as susceptible to contamination, and the CCR repeats that no single treatment technique addresses every contaminant. Redundancy is the system's main protection: Wolf Run Lake covers 220 acres with intakes at the dam, and Caldwell Lake holds 500 million gallons with…", "sew": { "s": "The village runs a Sewer Department (caldwellohio.org/departments/sewer/), but publishes no plant name, capacity, receiving stream or NPDES permit number, and no consent-order status was located.", "st": "Not documented. The village publishes nothing on storm sewers." }, "fun": [ "Wolf Run Lake is a 220-acre lake half a mile east of the Belle Valley interchange, where I-77 meets S.R. 821; the village's intakes are built at the dam and the same lake doubles as a state park with swimming, fishing…", "Caldwell Lake holds 500 million gallons behind its dam and has three-level intakes, so operators can draw from whichever depth has the best water that day.", "The 2019 CCR's cover is a 1939 photograph of a worker standing at the Caldwell Water Works lime feeders.", "The file the village currently posts as its 2026 water quality report is Ohio EPA's blank CCR template, still carrying placeholders like {Water System Name} and empty contaminant tables, with only the cover page filled…" ], "src": { "history": [ "http://caldwellohio.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/2019_CCR.pdf", "https://caldwellohio.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/2025-Caldwell-Water-CCR.pdf", "https://caldwellohio.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/2026-Caldwell-Water-CCR.pdf", "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/VIOLATION/PWSID/OH6100011/JSON" ], "treatment": [ "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/TREATMENT/PWSID/OH6100011/JSON", "http://caldwellohio.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/2019_CCR.pdf", "https://caldwellohio.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/2025-Caldwell-Water-CCR.pdf" ], "rates": [ "https://caldwellohio.org/departments/water/", "http://caldwellohio.org/" ], "impurities": [ "https://caldwellohio.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/2025-Caldwell-Water-CCR.pdf", "http://caldwellohio.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/2019_CCR.pdf" ], "water_stress": [ "http://caldwellohio.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/2019_CCR.pdf", "https://caldwellohio.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/2025-Caldwell-Water-CCR.pdf" ], "sewer": [ "https://caldwellohio.org/departments/sewer/" ], "fun_facts": [ "http://caldwellohio.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/2019_CCR.pdf", "https://caldwellohio.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/2026-Caldwell-Water-CCR.pdf" ] } }, "zips_served": [ { "zip": "43724", "share": 0.229, "dominant": true } ], "photo": { "url": "/photos/OH6100011.jpg", "caption": "Wolf Run Lake in Wolf Run State Park, Noble County, Ohio, Caldwell's primary water source", "credit": "Jonathan A Brier", "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0" }, "url": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH6100011/", "api": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/water/OH6100011.json", "generated": "2026-09-16", "license": "CC BY 4.0 for the compilation; each source keeps its own terms", "cite": "Cracked Buckeye (Open Shower Co), \"Caldwell Village · OH6100011\", https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH6100011/, built 2026-09-16, accessed [date].", "schema": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/schema.json" }