{
  "type": "water",
  "pwsid": "OH5701503",
  "name": "Montgomery County Water Services 2",
  "county": "Montgomery",
  "population": 83033,
  "producer": false,
  "source_class": "groundwater",
  "label": "Great Miami Buried Valley Aquifer wells (recharged by Great Miami & Mad Rivers)",
  "bodies": [
    "Great Miami River",
    "Mad River"
  ],
  "intakes": [],
  "wells": null,
  "aquifer": "Great Miami Buried Valley Aquifer",
  "notes": "Montgomery County Water Services 2 (SWP) purchases its water from the City of Dayton, same ultimate source as MCWS 1.",
  "urls": [
    "https://www.mcohio.org/DocumentCenter/View/9017/2025-testing-year-Drinking-Water-Quality-Report-",
    "https://www.mcohio.org/264/Water-Services",
    "https://www.daytonohio.gov/1163/Buried-Valley-Aquifer"
  ],
  "chain": [
    "OH5701503",
    "OH5703512"
  ],
  "plants": [
    {
      "n": "Miami Water Treatment Plant (City of Dayton)",
      "a": "3210 Chuck Wagner Ln, Dayton, OH 45414",
      "la": 39.8077,
      "lo": -84.1706,
      "pt": "plant",
      "wb": "Great Miami Buried Valley Aquifer - Miami Well Field, recharged by the Great Miami River",
      "src": "Miami Well Field wells beside the Great Miami River, north Dayton off Chuck Wagner Lane near Rip Rap Road",
      "cls": "groundwater",
      "k": "OH5703512#1",
      "of": "OH5703512"
    },
    {
      "n": "Ottawa Water Treatment Plant (City of Dayton)",
      "a": "1044 Ottawa St, Dayton, OH 45402",
      "la": 39.7681,
      "lo": -84.1729,
      "pt": "plant",
      "wb": "Great Miami Buried Valley Aquifer - Mad River Well Field, recharged by the Mad River",
      "src": "Mad River Well Field wells along the Mad River, east Dayton out to Huffman Dam near Wright-Patterson AFB",
      "cls": "groundwater",
      "k": "OH5703512#0",
      "of": "OH5703512"
    }
  ],
  "facts": {
    "hist": [
      [
        "1985",
        "A Los Angeles Times front-page story exposed how close industrial pollution had come to Dayton's wells; the city had no chemical-spill policy and began drafting one."
      ],
      [
        "1987",
        "In May a Sherwin-Williams paint warehouse burned beside the Miami wellfield; crews let it burn six days rather than wash chemicals into the shallow aquifer."
      ],
      [
        "1988",
        "U.S. EPA designated the Great Miami Buried Valley Aquifer a sole source aquifer in May, and Dayton's commission passed its Source Water Protection Policy."
      ],
      [
        "1995",
        "The source water protection policy was updated, and Dayton began an unbroken run as a Groundwater Foundation Groundwater Guardian Community."
      ],
      [
        "2024",
        "Dayton's Ottawa plant reported PFOS averaging 9.5 ppt and PFHxS 13.1 ppt in finished water, above the PFAS limits EPA adopted that April."
      ]
    ],
    "treat": "Dayton treats the water MCWS2 resells: conventional lime (calcium oxide) softening, pH adjustment with carbon dioxide, fluoridation, chlorine disinfection, then rapid sand filtration. The Miami and Ottawa plants are each rated 96 MGD and draw on ~110 wells.",
    "press": "not published - MCWS2 is a consecutive system reselling Dayton-treated water; no psi figure found. The county reports 11 water pumping stations and 14 storage facilities.",
    "rate": {
      "g": 6.95,
      "n": "2026 county schedule: $50.96/1,000 cu ft residential plus $1.00 wellfield charge = ~$6.95/1,000 gal, plus $18.95 service and $7.45 capital per 91 days on a 5/8-in meter.",
      "m": null
    },
    "imp": [
      [
        "Total trihalomethanes (TTHM)",
        "28.3",
        "ppb",
        "80",
        "2024",
        "Highest running annual average; range 12.9-27.5 ppb across the two plants."
      ],
      [
        "Haloacetic acids (HAA5)",
        "7.1",
        "ppb",
        "60",
        "2024",
        "Highest running annual average; range 3.2-5.9 ppb. No violation."
      ],
      [
        "Nitrate",
        "1.51",
        "ppm",
        "10",
        "2024",
        "Ottawa plant high (range 0.62-1.51); Miami 1.20. Fertilizer runoff and septic leaching."
      ],
      [
        "Turbidity",
        "0.088",
        "NTU",
        "TT: max 1 NTU…",
        "2024",
        "Miami plant high; Ottawa 0.056. 100% of samples met the standard at both plants."
      ],
      [
        "Lead (90th percentile)",
        "<3.0",
        "ppb",
        "AL=15",
        "2023",
        "0 of 54 samples over the action level; lead not detected in most samples."
      ],
      [
        "Copper (90th percentile)",
        "0.044",
        "ppm",
        "AL=1.3",
        "2023",
        "0 of 54 samples over the action level."
      ],
      [
        "PFOS",
        "9.486",
        "ppt",
        "4 (EPA MCL…",
        "2024",
        "Ottawa plant average, range 5.51-15.45; above the new MCL. Miami plant <2.06 ppt."
      ],
      [
        "PFHxS",
        "13.056",
        "ppt",
        "10 (EPA MCL…",
        "2024",
        "Ottawa plant average, range 6.70-17.18; above the new MCL. Miami plant <2.06 ppt."
      ]
    ],
    "proj": [
      [
        "Montgomery County water and sewer capital reinvestment",
        208000000,
        "2018-2025",
        "completed",
        "County reports over $208M invested since 2018, including $18.7M in grants and $17.2M in zero-interest loans."
      ],
      [
        "2024 water main break repairs",
        5100000,
        "2024",
        "completed",
        "396 breaks in 2024, a 123% increase in break count since 2016. Much of the buried system is 80-105 years old."
      ]
    ],
    "plan": [
      [
        "5% annual water and sewer rate increases, 2026-2030",
        null,
        "2026",
        "planned",
        "County-adopted five-year schedule beginning Jan. 1, 2026 to fund over $248M of planned infrastructure; about $10.50 more per quarter at the start."
      ]
    ],
    "stress": "The Great Miami Buried Valley Aquifer stores ~1.5 trillion gallons and is drought resistant, but is shallow and, per Dayton's 2024 CCR, highly susceptible to surface contamination: thin clay cover and contaminant plumes in the wellfield protection area. Ottawa PFOS/PFHxS exceed 2024 federal MCLs.",
    "sew": {
      "s": "The county runs 2 water reclamation facilities, 1,237 miles of sewer main, 40 lift stations and 32,950 manholes, and also buys sewer treatment from Dayton - that cost rose 31% in five years. Plant names, capacities and any consent decree were not confirmed.",
      "st": "The county reports 2 stormwater lift stations and 3 equalization basins. Whether the collection system is combined or separate, and any stormwater fee, were not confirmed."
    },
    "fun": [
      "Firefighters let a Sherwin-Williams paint warehouse burn for six days in May 1987 rather than wash the runoff into the aquifer - the blaze sat almost on top of Dayton's Miami wellfield.",
      "Much of the county's water and sewer pipe is 80 to 105 years old; it logged 396 water main breaks in 2024 at a cost of $5.1 million.",
      "Replacing one mile of 8-inch water main now costs the county about $1.5 million, or $284 a foot - up 89% since 2016.",
      "Dayton's two plants are each rated 96 million gallons a day and pumped 23.92 billion gallons in 2024 from roughly 110 production wells."
    ]
  },
  "zips_served": [
    {
      "zip": "45416",
      "share": 0.9955,
      "dominant": true
    },
    {
      "zip": "45415",
      "share": 0.9753,
      "dominant": true
    },
    {
      "zip": "45414",
      "share": 0.7335,
      "dominant": true
    },
    {
      "zip": "45426",
      "share": 0.6191,
      "dominant": true
    },
    {
      "zip": "45405",
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      "dominant": false
    },
    {
      "zip": "45315",
      "share": 0.3269,
      "dominant": false
    },
    {
      "zip": "45417",
      "share": 0.2942,
      "dominant": false
    },
    {
      "zip": "45322",
      "share": 0.1905,
      "dominant": false
    },
    {
      "zip": "45406",
      "share": 0.1376,
      "dominant": false
    },
    {
      "zip": "45424",
      "share": 0.0805,
      "dominant": false
    },
    {
      "zip": "45404",
      "share": 0.0468,
      "dominant": false
    },
    {
      "zip": "45377",
      "share": 0.0222,
      "dominant": false
    },
    {
      "zip": "45309",
      "share": 0.0204,
      "dominant": false
    }
  ],
  "photo": {
    "url": "/photos/OH5701503.jpg",
    "caption": "The Great Miami River at Dayton, Ohio, which recharges the buried valley aquifer well fields",
    "credit": "Giorgio Galeotti",
    "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
  },
  "url": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH5701503/",
  "api": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/water/OH5701503.json",
  "generated": "2026-09-16",
  "license": "CC BY 4.0 for the compilation; each source keeps its own terms",
  "cite": "Cracked Buckeye (Open Shower Co), \"Montgomery County Water Services 2 · OH5701503\", https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH5701503/, built 2026-09-16, accessed [date].",
  "schema": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/schema.json"
}