{
  "type": "water",
  "pwsid": "OH5400112",
  "name": "Coldwater Village",
  "county": "Mercer",
  "population": 4774,
  "producer": true,
  "source_class": "groundwater",
  "label": "Groundwater wells (8 wells)",
  "bodies": [],
  "intakes": [],
  "wells": 8,
  "aquifer": "",
  "notes": "",
  "urls": [],
  "chain": [
    "OH5400112"
  ],
  "plants": [],
  "facts": {
    "hist": [
      [
        "1838",
        "Settlement founded; originally called 'Buzzard's Glory' after David Buzzard, who operated a general store."
      ],
      [
        "1847",
        "A post office opened in the community."
      ],
      [
        "1859",
        "The village was formally platted and took the Coldwater name, from nearby Coldwater Creek."
      ],
      [
        "2025",
        "One of 20 lead-and-copper compliance samples exceeded the copper action level, with a 90th-percentile result of 0.68 ppm; no violation was triggered."
      ],
      [
        "2026",
        "Village disclosed in its 2025 CCR that a lab error left Radium-228 untested from 2020 through 2025, and reported retesting on March 4, 2026 at 0.45 pCi/L against a 5.0 pCi/L MCL."
      ]
    ],
    "treat": "Village-owned groundwater system supplied by 8 wells in two well fields near the corner of West Sycamore Street and South Cedar Street. The water department is run from the Municipal Center at 610 W. Sycamore Street under superintendent Brian Bruggeman, an Ohio EPA Class I operator. The 2025 CCR…",
    "press": "Not published. Neither the village website nor the 2025 CCR states a distribution system pressure.",
    "rate": {
      "g": 8,
      "n": "From the village's own 'How is my water/sewer bill calculated?' document (billed quarterly): WATER $8.00 per 1,000 gallons (the document writes it as '.008 cents per gallon'…",
      "m": 32
    },
    "imp": [
      [
        "Total trihalomethanes (TTHM)",
        "57.15 (range…",
        "ppb",
        "80 ppb MCL",
        "2025",
        "The highest single detection, 72.5 ppb, is about 91% of the MCL - the closest approach to any limit in this system's…"
      ],
      [
        "Haloacetic acids (HAA5)",
        "8.55 (range…",
        "ppb",
        "60 ppb MCL",
        "2025",
        ""
      ],
      [
        "Total chlorine",
        "1.12 (range…",
        "ppm",
        "4 ppm MRDL",
        "2025",
        ""
      ],
      [
        "Fluoride",
        "1.3",
        "ppm",
        "4 ppm MCL",
        "2024",
        "The CCR states fluoride occurs naturally in Coldwater's well water."
      ],
      [
        "Copper",
        "0.68 (90th…",
        "ppm",
        "1.3 ppm action…",
        "2025",
        "1 of 20 samples was above the 1.3 ppm action level; the 90th percentile stayed below it, so no violation. Attributed to…"
      ],
      [
        "Lead",
        "0 (90th…",
        "ppb",
        "15 ppb action…",
        "2025",
        "0 of 20 samples above the action level."
      ],
      [
        "Gross alpha",
        "4.25",
        "pCi/L",
        "15 pCi/L MCL",
        "2021",
        ""
      ],
      [
        "Radium-228",
        "0.45",
        "pCi/L",
        "5.0 pCi/L MCL",
        "2026",
        "The CCR discloses that a lab error meant Radium-228 was not tested at all from 2020 through 2025; the village tested on…"
      ]
    ],
    "proj": [],
    "plan": [],
    "stress": "Low. Ohio EPA's source water assessment, summarized in the 2025 CCR, finds that the aquifer supplying Coldwater has a LOW susceptibility to contamination, based on a thick protective layer of low-permeability material overlying the aquifer, the significant depth of the aquifer (36 to 78 feet below ground surface), and no evidence that…",
    "sew": {
      "s": "Village-operated. Coldwater runs its own wastewater plant at 618 Hardin Street under superintendent Don Bruns, an Ohio EPA Class III operator, and publishes a Sanitary Sewer Overflow annual report. Sewer service is billed on the same quarterly bill as water at $7.00 per 1,000 gallons with a 6,000 gallon quarterly minimum. Plant capacity…",
      "st": "The village bills a storm sewer surcharge of $6.00 per quarter on every water/sewer bill, so storm drainage is funded as a distinct line item. Whether the storm system is fully separated from the sanitary sewers is not stated in any village document found."
    },
    "fun": [
      "Coldwater was originally called 'Buzzard's Glory,' after early settler David Buzzard's general store, before it was platted in 1859 and renamed for nearby Coldwater Creek.",
      "Coldwater does not fluoridate its water and does not need to: the 2025 CCR notes fluoride occurs naturally in the village's well water at about 1.3 ppm, close to the level utilities normally dose to.",
      "The village's 2025 water quality report openly discloses that a laboratory error left Radium-228 untested for six straight years (2020-2025); Coldwater retested in March 2026 and found 0.45 pCi/L, well under the 5.0…",
      "Coldwater's 8 wells sit in two well fields at the edge of the village near West Sycamore and South Cedar Streets, under 36 to 78 feet of low-permeability cover that Ohio EPA credits for the aquifer's low contamination…"
    ],
    "src": {
      "history": [
        "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coldwater,_Ohio",
        "https://villageofcoldwater.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/CCR-2025.pdf"
      ],
      "treatment": [
        "https://villageofcoldwater.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/CCR-2025.pdf",
        "https://villageofcoldwater.com/village-depts/"
      ],
      "rates": [
        "https://villageofcoldwater.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/How-is-my-water.pdf",
        "https://villageofcoldwater.com/faq/"
      ],
      "impurities": [
        "https://villageofcoldwater.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/CCR-2025.pdf"
      ],
      "water_stress": [
        "https://villageofcoldwater.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/CCR-2025.pdf"
      ],
      "sewer": [
        "https://villageofcoldwater.com/village-depts/",
        "https://villageofcoldwater.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Sanitary-Sewer-Overflow-Annual-Report-1.pdf",
        "https://villageofcoldwater.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/How-is-my-water.pdf"
      ],
      "fun_facts": [
        "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coldwater,_Ohio",
        "https://villageofcoldwater.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/CCR-2025.pdf"
      ]
    }
  },
  "zips_served": [
    {
      "zip": "45828",
      "share": 0.736,
      "dominant": true
    }
  ],
  "photo": {
    "url": "/photos/OH5400112.jpg",
    "caption": "View of Coldwater, Ohio, a Mercer County village served by 8 groundwater wells.",
    "credit": "Dana60Cummins",
    "license": "CC BY-SA 3.0"
  },
  "url": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH5400112/",
  "api": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/water/OH5400112.json",
  "generated": "2026-09-16",
  "license": "CC BY 4.0 for the compilation; each source keeps its own terms",
  "cite": "Cracked Buckeye (Open Shower Co), \"Coldwater Village · OH5400112\", https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH5400112/, built 2026-09-16, accessed [date].",
  "schema": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/schema.json"
}