{
  "type": "water",
  "pwsid": "OH4900712",
  "name": "Mid-ohio WSD - Chrisman Avenue WTP",
  "county": "Madison",
  "population": 10256,
  "producer": true,
  "source_class": "groundwater",
  "label": "Local glacial sand-and-gravel wells (Madison County)",
  "bodies": [],
  "intakes": [],
  "wells": 6,
  "aquifer": "",
  "notes": "Could not confirm a named aquifer specifically for the Chrisman Avenue WTP wellfield; Madison County groundwater is generally thin glacial till sand/gravel lenses, with more productive outwash aquifers near Big/Little Darby Creek to the north/east, so kept SDWIS 'own groundwater' hypothesis with…",
  "urls": [
    "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/ohiodnr.gov/documents/geology/GWPP1_Angle_2005_Madison.pdf",
    "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/27/About-Us"
  ],
  "chain": [
    "OH4900712"
  ],
  "plants": [
    {
      "n": "Mid-Ohio WSD – London (Chrisman Avenue) Water Treatment Plant",
      "la": 39.8867,
      "lo": -83.4483,
      "pt": "approximate",
      "wb": "Uppermost glacial sand-and-gravel aquifer (Madison County buried…",
      "src": "Local glacial sand-and-gravel wells (Madison County)",
      "cls": "groundwater",
      "in": [
        {
          "n": "London municipal well field",
          "wb": "Uppermost glacial sand-and-gravel aquifer (Madison County buried valley), thinly covered by clay",
          "role": "primary",
          "src": "Six wells pumping from three different levels of a shallow sand-and-gravel aquifer beneath London; Ohio EPA rates the source highly susceptible to contamination due to thin clay cover and nearby potential contaminant sources. (less than 75 ft)",
          "la": 39.8867,
          "lo": -83.4483,
          "pt": "approximate",
          "wells": [
            "Well 6",
            "Well 7",
            "Well R",
            "Well 9"
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "facts": {
    "hist": [
      [
        "2023-2024",
        "The City of London's water and sewer systems transferred to the Mid-Ohio Water and Sewer District, which has issued London City PWS consumer confidence reports since the 2023 report. Trustees have…"
      ],
      [
        "2022-07",
        "London City PWS had an E. coli MCL violation; a public notice was issued at the time, but the district failed to include it in the 2022 CCR as required — one of four CCR content deficiencies (2017…"
      ],
      [
        "2023-07",
        "London failed to collect well water samples for E. coli after a routine total coliform positive in the distribution system; a public notice was issued. One Level 1 assessment and three corrective…"
      ],
      [
        "2024-01",
        "The Village of Plain City formally transferred control of its water and sewer services, including billing, to Mid-Ohio WSD."
      ],
      [
        "2025-07-01",
        "London City PWS missed the federal deadline for annual Service Line Materials Notifications, sending inadequate and incorrect notices — a reporting violation under 40 CFR 141.85 and 141.90."
      ],
      [
        "2025-09-18",
        "Mid-Ohio corrected the Service Line Inventory and distributed proper notifications to the right residents, resolving the violation."
      ]
    ],
    "treat": "Groundwater from a wellfield in a shallow glacial sand-and-gravel (buried valley) aquifer, treated by lime softening — the 2025 CCR carries a photograph captioned 'London's lime softening contact tanks' — followed by chlorination (total chlorine 1.08 mg/L in 2025) and fluoridation (0.96 ppm).…",
    "press": "Not published — no psi figure appears in the London City CCR, the district's fee schedule, its capital projects page, or the board minutes reviewed.",
    "rate": {
      "g": 9.96,
      "n": "From the Mid-Ohio WSD 'Water and Sanitary Sewer Fee Schedule - 2024,' the current schedule linked from the district's Fee Schedule page (which notes only that tap fees changed in…",
      "m": 48.04
    },
    "imp": [
      [
        "Arsenic",
        "5",
        "ppb",
        "10",
        "2025",
        "Range 2.0-5.0 ppb — half the MCL, and notably higher than most Ohio groundwater systems. MCLG is zero."
      ],
      [
        "Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM)",
        "24.8",
        "ppb",
        "80",
        "2025",
        "Range 0.7-39.9 ppb."
      ],
      [
        "Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)",
        "5.3",
        "ppb",
        "60",
        "2025",
        "Range 0.0-9.3 ppb."
      ],
      [
        "Total chlorine",
        "1.08",
        "mg/L",
        "4 (MRDL)",
        "2025",
        "Range 0.6-1.6 mg/L."
      ],
      [
        "Fluoride",
        "0.96",
        "ppm",
        "4",
        "2024",
        "Range 0.94-1.10 ppm; includes added fluoride."
      ],
      [
        "Cyanide",
        "7",
        "ppb",
        "200",
        "2024",
        "Range 7.0-7.0 ppb; CCR attributes it to discharge from plastic, fertilizer and steel/metal factories."
      ],
      [
        "Barium",
        "0.0059",
        "ppm",
        "2",
        "2024",
        "Range 0.0059-0.0059 ppm."
      ],
      [
        "Chromium",
        "0.9",
        "ppb",
        "100",
        "2024",
        "Range 0.9-0.9 ppb."
      ],
      [
        "Lead (90th percentile)",
        "0.002",
        "ppm (the…",
        "15 ppb (action…",
        "2025",
        "Zero of 20 samples exceeded the action level. The printed unit and value are internally inconsistent in the CCR table…"
      ],
      [
        "Copper (90th percentile)",
        "0.086",
        "ppm",
        "1.3 (action…",
        "2025",
        "Zero of 20 samples exceeded the action level. The CCR's copper row is garbled in the published PDF (the 90th-percentile…"
      ]
    ],
    "proj": [
      [
        "New regional water treatment plant (5 MGD, CMAR delivery)",
        null,
        "2026",
        "proposed",
        "RFQ issued 2026-05-03; CMAR to be contracted by June 30, 2026. Nominal capacity 5 MGD, technology still in alternatives analysis (lime softening or membranes…"
      ],
      [
        "Plain City water plant renovation and additional well",
        null,
        "2026",
        "planned",
        "District capital plan (updated June 3, 2025): renovation operational by September 2026, new well operational February 2026. Serves the Plain City PWS, not…"
      ]
    ],
    "plan": [
      [
        "SR 161 water transmission line and water tower",
        null,
        "2026",
        "planned",
        "Transmission line May 2026-May 2027; tower April 2026-April 2027. Cost not published."
      ],
      [
        "Water District water treatment plant expansion",
        null,
        "2027",
        "planned",
        "Operational November 2027. Serves the district's Water District 1 system. Cost not published."
      ],
      [
        "Northeastern new water treatment facility",
        null,
        "2027",
        "planned",
        "Construction January 2027-January 2029. Cost not published."
      ],
      [
        "Central new water treatment facility",
        null,
        "2027",
        "planned",
        "Construction July 2027-July 2029. Cost not published."
      ],
      [
        "Regional Water Reclamation Facility",
        null,
        "2028",
        "planned",
        "Sewer project; target online and operational June 2028. Cost not published."
      ],
      [
        "London Gateway sanitary sewer, Phase 1",
        null,
        "2026",
        "planned",
        "Construction April-October 2026, on the London side of the system. Cost not published."
      ],
      [
        "US 42 force main sewer to the regional WRF",
        null,
        "2026",
        "planned",
        "Construction August 2026-February 2028. Cost not published."
      ],
      [
        "US 40 sanitary sewer (SR 56 to US 42)",
        null,
        "2026",
        "planned",
        "Construction August 2026-February 2028. Cost not published."
      ]
    ],
    "stress": "The documented risk is aquifer vulnerability, not shortage. Ohio EPA's source water study rates the aquifer supplying London as HIGHLY SUSCEPTIBLE to contamination, on three grounds: a relatively thin protective clay layer over the uppermost sand and gravel aquifer, a shallow aquifer depth of less than 75 feet below ground surface, and…",
    "sew": {
      "s": "Mid-Ohio WSD provides sanitary sewer as well as water across its Madison County service area, and operates the London wastewater treatment plant (used as a board meeting location). Sewer is metered off the drinking water meter reading. London Service Area residential sewer: $13.48 monthly minimum plus $5.82 per 1,000 gallons. Outside the…",
      "st": "Not documented — no stormwater utility, fee, or program appears in the district's fee schedule, capital projects page, or board minutes reviewed. The district's predecessor entity in Madison County was the Madison County Sanitary and Stormwater District, but…"
    },
    "fun": [
      "London softens its water with lime — the 2025 CCR runs a photo of the plant's lime softening contact tanks.",
      "Cyanide is on London's list of detected contaminants, at 7 ppb against a 200 ppb limit — about a 29th of the MCL.",
      "Arsenic in London's water runs at 5 ppb, exactly half the federal limit, in a state where most groundwater systems report a fraction of that.",
      "The district's proposed new regional water plant is budgeted at $60-90 million for construction-management services alone, before design, land or permits.",
      "Board meetings for a London water system are held in Plain City, at the village's municipal building on the first and third Tuesday of each month."
    ],
    "src": {
      "history": [
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/DocumentCenter/View/300/London-City-CCR-2025pdf",
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/AgendaCenter/ViewFile/ArchivedMinutes/_11182025-123",
        "https://www.plaincityohio.gov/residents/mowsd.php",
        "https://midohiowsd.gov/DocumentCenter/View/295/Mid-Ohio-WTP-CMAR-RFQ---05-03-26"
      ],
      "treatment": [
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/DocumentCenter/View/300/London-City-CCR-2025pdf"
      ],
      "pressure": [
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/DocumentCenter/View/300/London-City-CCR-2025pdf",
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/DocumentCenter/View/233"
      ],
      "rates": [
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/DocumentCenter/View/233",
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/205/Fee-Schedule",
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/AgendaCenter/ViewFile/ArchivedMinutes/_11182025-123"
      ],
      "impurities": [
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/DocumentCenter/View/300/London-City-CCR-2025pdf"
      ],
      "projects": [
        "https://midohiowsd.gov/DocumentCenter/View/295/Mid-Ohio-WTP-CMAR-RFQ---05-03-26",
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/206/Capital-Infrastructure-Projects",
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/AgendaCenter/ViewFile/ArchivedMinutes/_11182025-123"
      ],
      "planned": [
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/206/Capital-Infrastructure-Projects",
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/AgendaCenter/ViewFile/ArchivedMinutes/_11182025-123"
      ],
      "water_stress": [
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/DocumentCenter/View/300/London-City-CCR-2025pdf",
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/206/Capital-Infrastructure-Projects",
        "https://midohiowsd.gov/DocumentCenter/View/295/Mid-Ohio-WTP-CMAR-RFQ---05-03-26"
      ],
      "sewer": [
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/DocumentCenter/View/233",
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/206/Capital-Infrastructure-Projects",
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/AgendaCenter/ViewFile/Minutes/_07012025-63"
      ],
      "fun_facts": [
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/DocumentCenter/View/300/London-City-CCR-2025pdf",
        "https://midohiowsd.gov/DocumentCenter/View/295/Mid-Ohio-WTP-CMAR-RFQ---05-03-26",
        "https://www.midohiowsd.gov/AgendaCenter/ViewFile/ArchivedMinutes/_11182025-123"
      ]
    }
  },
  "zips_served": [
    {
      "zip": "43140",
      "share": 0.5045,
      "dominant": true
    }
  ],
  "photo": {
    "url": "/photos/OH4900712.jpg",
    "caption": "Downtown London, Ohio",
    "credit": "Wikimedia Commons",
    "license": "Public domain"
  },
  "url": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH4900712/",
  "api": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/water/OH4900712.json",
  "generated": "2026-09-16",
  "license": "CC BY 4.0 for the compilation; each source keeps its own terms",
  "cite": "Cracked Buckeye (Open Shower Co), \"Mid-ohio WSD - Chrisman Avenue WTP · OH4900712\", https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH4900712/, built 2026-09-16, accessed [date].",
  "schema": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/schema.json"
}