{
  "type": "water",
  "pwsid": "OH3300212",
  "name": "Dunkirk Village",
  "county": "Hardin",
  "population": 875,
  "producer": true,
  "source_class": "groundwater",
  "label": "Groundwater wells (2 wells)",
  "bodies": [],
  "intakes": [],
  "wells": 2,
  "aquifer": "",
  "notes": "",
  "urls": [],
  "chain": [
    "OH3300212"
  ],
  "plants": [],
  "facts": {
    "hist": [
      [
        "1852",
        "Village platted when the railroad was extended to the site; named for Dunkirk, New York (per Wikipedia)."
      ],
      [
        "1854",
        "Post office established."
      ],
      [
        "1880",
        "Population peaked at 1,311; 2020 census recorded 774, roughly a 41% decline since (per Wikipedia)."
      ],
      [
        "2020-2025",
        "EPA SDWIS logs repeated 'Other'/public-notification (tier 3) violations in 2020, 2022, 2024 and 2025; the 2020 (opened Feb. 6) and 2022 (opened Aug. 17) violations remain open with no…"
      ],
      [
        "2025",
        "A separate compliance violation (code 4H, contaminant code 5200) opened July 2, 2025; SDWIS records a return-to-compliance date of Dec. 12, 2025 -- i.e. it has been resolved, correcting an earlier…"
      ]
    ],
    "treat": "Groundwater from 2 currently active wells (Well 1 and Well 2); a third well (Well 3) was deactivated in 1997 per EPA SDWIS facility records -- correcting the earlier draft's claim of '3 wells.' Water is pre-chlorinated (hypochlorination), passed through a packed-tower aerator and an ion-exchange…",
    "press": "Not published; no CCR, engineering report, or pressure-zone map found for this system in this pass. SDWIS confirms an elevated storage tank serves the distribution system, but no…",
    "rate": {
      "g": null,
      "n": "Current residential rate not found published online; the village is administered through the fiscal officer's office and does not appear to maintain a dedicated utility website or…",
      "m": null
    },
    "imp": [
      [
        "Public Notification/'Other' compliance…",
        "N/A",
        "violation",
        "N/A",
        "2020…",
        "Opened Feb. 6, 2020 and Aug. 17, 2022; both remain open in EPA SDWIS with no return-to-compliance date recorded as of…"
      ],
      [
        "Compliance violation, code 4H",
        "N/A",
        "violation",
        "N/A",
        "2025",
        "Opened July 2, 2025; SDWIS records a return-to-compliance date of Dec. 12, 2025 (resolved). Corrects the earlier draft…"
      ]
    ],
    "proj": [],
    "plan": [],
    "stress": "Small groundwater system (390 connections, 875 served) now running on 2 active wells (a third was retired in 1997). Federal SDWIS shows administrative/public-notification violations rather than measured contamination; two (from 2020 and 2022) remain open as of this review, while a 2025 violation initially flagged as open has since been…",
    "sew": {
      "s": "Provider and treatment plant not found in sources reviewed.",
      "st": "Not found in sources reviewed."
    },
    "fun": [
      "Named after Dunkirk, New York, when the village was platted in 1852.",
      "In 2006 ODOT floated Dunkirk as a possible stop on the proposed 'Ohio Hub' high-speed passenger rail corridor, per Wikipedia.",
      "Its 2 active wells are treated with a packed-tower aerator plus ion exchange before chlorination -- a small-system setup for iron/hardness removal, per EPA SDWIS facility and treatment records.",
      "The village has lost over 40% of its population since its 1880 peak of 1,311 residents (2020 census: 774)."
    ],
    "src": {
      "history": [
        "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunkirk,_Ohio",
        "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/VIOLATION/PWSID/OH3300212/JSON"
      ],
      "treatment": [
        "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/TREATMENT/PWSID/OH3300212/JSON",
        "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/WATER_SYSTEM_FACILITY/PWSID/OH3300212/JSON"
      ],
      "pressure": [
        "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/WATER_SYSTEM_FACILITY/PWSID/OH3300212/JSON"
      ],
      "impurities": [
        "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/VIOLATION/PWSID/OH3300212/JSON"
      ],
      "water_stress": [
        "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/VIOLATION/PWSID/OH3300212/JSON",
        "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/WATER_SYSTEM_FACILITY/PWSID/OH3300212/JSON"
      ],
      "fun_facts": [
        "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunkirk,_Ohio",
        "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/TREATMENT/PWSID/OH3300212/JSON"
      ]
    }
  },
  "zips_served": [
    {
      "zip": "45836",
      "share": 0.5961,
      "dominant": true
    }
  ],
  "photo": {
    "url": "/photos/OH3300212.jpg",
    "caption": "Main Street (US 68) in Dunkirk, Ohio",
    "credit": "Nyttend",
    "license": "Public domain"
  },
  "url": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH3300212/",
  "api": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/water/OH3300212.json",
  "generated": "2026-09-16",
  "license": "CC BY 4.0 for the compilation; each source keeps its own terms",
  "cite": "Cracked Buckeye (Open Shower Co), \"Dunkirk Village · OH3300212\", https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH3300212/, built 2026-09-16, accessed [date].",
  "schema": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/schema.json"
}