{
  "type": "water",
  "pwsid": "OH2700316",
  "name": "Rio Grande",
  "county": "Gallia",
  "population": 830,
  "producer": false,
  "source_class": "groundwater",
  "label": "Ohio River Valley Aquifer (10 wells, Gallipolis/Addison Twp.)",
  "bodies": [],
  "intakes": [],
  "wells": null,
  "aquifer": "",
  "notes": "",
  "urls": [],
  "chain": [
    "OH2700316",
    "OH2700012"
  ],
  "plants": [],
  "facts": {
    "hist": [
      [
        "1818-1840s",
        "Welsh immigrants began settling the area from 1818, with over 3,000 arriving from Welsh parishes during the 1830s-40s, giving the village its lasting Welsh heritage (per Wikipedia)."
      ],
      [
        "1874",
        "Village of Rio Grande formally established (July 6), named to commemorate the Mexican-American War (per Wikipedia)."
      ],
      [
        "2004",
        "The village's own surface-water intake on Indian Creek Reservoir was deactivated per EPA SDWIS facility records; not previously noted in the earlier draft."
      ],
      [
        "2016-2023",
        "EPA SDWIS shows a string of violations: Surface Water Treatment Rule monitoring violations in 2016 and 2020 (both resolved, tied to the now-inactive reservoir intake), plus 'Other'/monitoring…"
      ],
      [
        "2020",
        "Census population 724 (per Wikipedia). Note: the earlier draft's '830 in 2010' figure could not be independently reconfirmed this pass -- 830 matches the water system's current EPA-reported…"
      ]
    ],
    "treat": "SDWIS facility records show two source facilities: an active purchased interconnect from Gallia County Rural Water Association (arrives pre-treated; GCRWA's own supply comes from roughly 10 wells in the Ohio River Valley Aquifer near Gallipolis/Addison Twp., per the input), and a former…",
    "press": "Not published; no CCR or pressure-zone data found in this pass.",
    "rate": {
      "g": null,
      "n": "Current rate schedule not found for Rio Grande; Gallia County Rural Water Association's own published wholesale/retail rates were also not locatable in this pass (its site could…",
      "m": null
    },
    "imp": [
      [
        "Surface Water Treatment Rule monitoring…",
        "N/A",
        "violation",
        "N/A",
        "2016…",
        "Resolved (return-to-compliance 2017-01-10 and 2020-07-15 respectively); tied to the water system's now-inactive Indian…"
      ],
      [
        "Public Notification/'Other' violations",
        "N/A",
        "violation",
        "N/A",
        "2018…",
        "Opened Nov. 14, 2018 and Oct. 3, 2023; both remain open in EPA SDWIS with no return-to-compliance date recorded as of…"
      ],
      [
        "Monitoring/Reporting violation",
        "N/A",
        "violation",
        "N/A",
        "2023",
        "Opened Jan. 1, 2023; resolved Jan. 1, 2024 per SDWIS return-to-compliance date."
      ]
    ],
    "proj": [],
    "plan": [],
    "stress": "System currently relies on a single active source -- the Gallia County Rural Water Association interconnect -- for its water; the village's own Indian Creek Reservoir intake, which could otherwise serve as backup, has been inactive since 2004 per SDWIS. Multiple 'Other'/monitoring violations appear in EPA SDWIS from 2016-2023; two…",
    "sew": {
      "s": "Provider and treatment plant not found in sources reviewed.",
      "st": "Not found in sources reviewed."
    },
    "fun": [
      "Despite its name, Rio Grande commemorates the Mexican-American War rather than sitting near the actual Rio Grande river.",
      "The village flag is a variant of the Flag of Wales, reflecting heavy 1830s-40s Welsh immigrant settlement.",
      "The first Bob Evans restaurant operated as a truck-stop diner in Rio Grande before the chain expanded nationally, per Wikipedia.",
      "EPA records show Rio Grande's own Indian Creek Reservoir intake -- once a supplemental surface-water source with its own 'Rio Grande WTP' -- was taken offline in 2004; today the village's water arrives entirely through…"
    ],
    "src": {
      "history": [
        "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_Grande,_Ohio",
        "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/WATER_SYSTEM_FACILITY/PWSID/OH2700316/JSON"
      ],
      "treatment": [
        "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/WATER_SYSTEM_FACILITY/PWSID/OH2700316/JSON",
        "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/TREATMENT/PWSID/OH2700316/rows/0:20/JSON"
      ],
      "impurities": [
        "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/VIOLATION/PWSID/OH2700316/JSON"
      ],
      "water_stress": [
        "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/WATER_SYSTEM_FACILITY/PWSID/OH2700316/JSON",
        "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/VIOLATION/PWSID/OH2700316/JSON"
      ],
      "fun_facts": [
        "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_Grande,_Ohio",
        "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/WATER_SYSTEM_FACILITY/PWSID/OH2700316/JSON"
      ]
    }
  },
  "zips_served": [
    {
      "zip": "45674",
      "share": 0.9825,
      "dominant": true
    },
    {
      "zip": "45614",
      "share": 0.0071,
      "dominant": false
    }
  ],
  "photo": null,
  "url": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH2700316/",
  "api": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/water/OH2700316.json",
  "generated": "2026-09-16",
  "license": "CC BY 4.0 for the compilation; each source keeps its own terms",
  "cite": "Cracked Buckeye (Open Shower Co), \"Rio Grande · OH2700316\", https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH2700316/, built 2026-09-16, accessed [date].",
  "schema": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/schema.json"
}