{
  "type": "water",
  "pwsid": "OH2700012",
  "name": "Gallia Co. Rural Water Association",
  "county": "Gallia",
  "population": 20995,
  "producer": true,
  "source_class": "groundwater",
  "label": "Ohio River Valley Aquifer (10 wells, Gallipolis/Addison Twp.)",
  "bodies": [],
  "intakes": [],
  "wells": 10,
  "aquifer": "Ohio River Valley Aquifer",
  "notes": "Groundwater from 10 wells in two well fields (susceptibility rated high and moderate) drawing on the Ohio River valley buried aquifer, not directly from the Ohio River.",
  "urls": [
    "https://galliacohealth.gov/gallia-county-water-info/",
    "https://galliah2o.com/announcements/consumer-confidence-report/"
  ],
  "chain": [
    "OH2700012"
  ],
  "plants": [
    {
      "n": "Gallia County Rural Water Association Treatment Plant",
      "a": "Gallipolis/Addison Township, Gallia County, OH",
      "la": 38.8306,
      "lo": -82.2054,
      "pt": "approximate",
      "wb": "Ohio River Valley (buried valley) Aquifer",
      "src": "Ten active wells drawing from the shallow Ohio River valley buried aquifer near Gallipolis in Addison Township",
      "cls": "groundwater",
      "in": [
        {
          "n": "Well Field #1",
          "wb": "Ohio River Valley Aquifer — shallow alluvial sand and gravel adjacent to the Ohio River",
          "role": "primary",
          "src": "One of two fields in Gallipolis/Addison Township; Ohio EPA rates this field's aquifer highly susceptible to contamination after VOC detections in raw water in the early 1990s",
          "la": 38.8306,
          "lo": -82.2054,
          "pt": "plant"
        },
        {
          "n": "Well Field #2",
          "wb": "Ohio River Valley Aquifer — shallow alluvial sand and gravel adjacent to the Ohio River",
          "role": "secondary",
          "src": "Second of two fields serving the system; Ohio EPA rates this field's aquifer moderately susceptible to contamination due to nearby potential contaminant sources",
          "la": 38.8306,
          "lo": -82.2054,
          "pt": "plant"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "facts": {
    "hist": [
      [
        "early 1990s",
        "Ohio EPA's source water assessment records that ground water contamination by volatile organic chemicals was detected in the raw water at Gallia Rural Water's #1 Well Field -- the basis for that…"
      ],
      [
        "February…",
        "After the East Palestine train derailment, the Gallia County Health Department published statements from local water providers; GCRWA told concerned customers its 10 wells draw groundwater from the…"
      ],
      [
        "May 2, 2025",
        "GCRWA completed its remaining PFAS sampling event under the 2024 federal PFAS drinking water rule, analyzing for the six regulated PFAS. All results were non-detect except PFOA at 7.52 ng/L."
      ],
      [
        "May 29, 2025",
        "The Ohio Water Development Authority board approved a Drinking Water Assistance Loan Fund agreement with the Gallia County Rural Water Association for $4,454,012.80."
      ],
      [
        "2025",
        "GCRWA participated in the fifth round of the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR 5), which detected PFOA (7.52 ng/L, range 4-7.52) and lithium (9.65 ug/L). The association held an…"
      ]
    ],
    "treat": "Groundwater from 10 wells in Gallipolis and Addison Townships, drawing on the Ohio River Valley Aquifer, is treated at an Ohio EPA Class II water treatment plant that runs 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year. The CCR does not itemize the process train, but chlorine and fluoride are both…",
    "press": "Not published. No CCR, engineering report or pressure-zone map giving a psi figure was found.",
    "rate": {
      "g": 9.7,
      "n": "Declining-block schedule published by the association. On a 5/8-inch meter the minimum bill is $27.00, covering the first 2,000 gallons ($13.50 per 1,000). Above that: $9.70 per…",
      "m": 46.4
    },
    "imp": [
      [
        "PFOA",
        "7.52",
        "ng/L",
        "4 (MCL…",
        "2025",
        "Sampled 5/2/2025; UCMR 5 range 4-7.52 ng/L. Nearly double the 4.0 ng/L MCL set by the 2024 federal PFAS rule, but that…"
      ],
      [
        "Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM)",
        "22.7",
        "ppb",
        "80",
        "2025",
        "Range 6.2-22.7 ppb; byproduct of chlorine disinfection."
      ],
      [
        "Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)",
        "4.8",
        "ppb",
        "60",
        "2025",
        "Range ND-4.8 ppb; byproduct of chlorine disinfection."
      ],
      [
        "Fluoride",
        "1.01",
        "ppm",
        "4",
        "2025",
        "Range 0.80-1.28 ppm; water additive plus natural erosion."
      ],
      [
        "Chlorine",
        "1.03",
        "ppm",
        "4",
        "2025",
        "Range 0.24-2.14 ppm; additive used to control microbes."
      ],
      [
        "Nitrate",
        "0.492",
        "ppm",
        "10",
        "2025",
        "Well below the MCL."
      ],
      [
        "Lead (90th percentile)",
        "1.8",
        "ppb",
        "15 (AL)",
        "2025",
        "0 of 30 samples over the action level; the CCR states there was no detectable lead in the system this testing period."
      ],
      [
        "Copper (90th percentile)",
        "0.424",
        "ppm",
        "1.3 (AL)",
        "2025",
        "0 of 30 samples over the action level."
      ],
      [
        "Barium",
        "0.061",
        "ppm",
        "2",
        "2024",
        "Discharge of drilling wastes and from metal refineries."
      ],
      [
        "Sodium",
        "24.2",
        "ppm",
        "20 (advisory…",
        "2024",
        "Informational for people on sodium-restricted diets; not a violation."
      ]
    ],
    "proj": [],
    "plan": [
      [
        "OWDA Drinking Water Assistance Loan Fund improvements",
        4454012.8,
        "2025",
        "planned",
        "Loan agreement approved by OWDA board resolution dated 05-29-2025. The resolution index names only the borrower and amount; the project scope is not itemized…"
      ]
    ],
    "stress": "Ohio EPA rates the aquifer supplying Well Field #1 as HIGH susceptibility to contamination, on the strength of a documented ground water contamination by volatile organic chemicals in the raw water in the early 1990s. Well Field #2 is rated MODERATE, because of the aquifer's sensitivity and several potential contaminant sources inside…",
    "sew": {
      "s": "Gallia County Rural Water Association is a drinking-water-only association; it operates no sanitary sewer system, and the Ohio EPA 2022 Sewer and Water Rate Survey lists no sewer usage or sewer bill for it. Sanitary service in its five-county area is provided, where it exists at all, by separate municipal systems such as the City of…",
      "st": "No stormwater utility or drainage program is associated with GCRWA, and none was found in the sources reviewed."
    },
    "fun": [
      "One rural water association covers roughly 500 square miles and 19 townships across five counties -- Gallia, Jackson, Meigs, Lawrence and Vinton -- with about 700 miles of pipe and 10,200 taps serving an estimated…",
      "Its 37 tanks hold more than 7.7 million gallons between them -- over four days of the system's average daily production of 1.873 million gallons.",
      "During the 2023 East Palestine derailment scare the utility had to publicly reassure customers that its 10 wells draw from a buried aquifer, not the Ohio River flowing past Gallipolis.",
      "The 2025 water quality report shows PFOA at 7.52 ng/L, nearly double the 4.0 ng/L federal limit that takes effect in 2031 -- though under current rules the system recorded no violation or action-level exceedance for the…",
      "The 'high susceptibility' rating on Well Field #1 traces to a real event: volatile organic chemicals were found in the raw water there in the early 1990s."
    ],
    "src": {
      "history": [
        "https://galliah2o.com/announcements/consumer-confidence-report/",
        "https://galliacohealth.gov/gallia-county-water-info/",
        "https://www.owda.org/docs/documents/1021/BoardResolutionIndex2025.pdf"
      ],
      "treatment": [
        "https://galliah2o.com/announcements/consumer-confidence-report/",
        "https://galliah2o.com/about-us/"
      ],
      "rates": [
        "https://galliah2o.com/forms-documents/about-us/",
        "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/epa.ohio.gov/Portals/43/Rate%20Reports/Ohio_EPA_2022_Sewer_and_Water_Rate_Survey.pdf"
      ],
      "impurities": [
        "https://galliah2o.com/announcements/consumer-confidence-report/"
      ],
      "planned": [
        "https://www.owda.org/docs/documents/1021/BoardResolutionIndex2025.pdf"
      ],
      "water_stress": [
        "https://galliah2o.com/announcements/consumer-confidence-report/",
        "https://galliacohealth.gov/gallia-county-water-info/"
      ],
      "sewer": [
        "https://galliah2o.com/about-us/",
        "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/epa.ohio.gov/Portals/43/Rate%20Reports/Ohio_EPA_2022_Sewer_and_Water_Rate_Survey.pdf"
      ],
      "fun_facts": [
        "https://galliah2o.com/announcements/consumer-confidence-report/",
        "https://galliah2o.com/about-us/",
        "https://galliah2o.com/forms-documents/about-us/",
        "https://galliacohealth.gov/gallia-county-water-info/"
      ]
    }
  },
  "zips_served": [
    {
      "zip": "45614",
      "share": 0.0523,
      "dominant": false
    },
    {
      "zip": "45631",
      "share": 0.0063,
      "dominant": false
    }
  ],
  "photo": {
    "url": "/photos/OH2700012.jpg",
    "caption": "Gallia County Courthouse in Gallipolis, seat of the county served by the Rural Water Association",
    "credit": "Nyttend",
    "license": "Public domain"
  },
  "url": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH2700012/",
  "api": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/water/OH2700012.json",
  "generated": "2026-09-16",
  "license": "CC BY 4.0 for the compilation; each source keeps its own terms",
  "cite": "Cracked Buckeye (Open Shower Co), \"Gallia Co. Rural Water Association · OH2700012\", https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH2700012/, built 2026-09-16, accessed [date].",
  "schema": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/schema.json"
}