{
  "type": "water",
  "pwsid": "OH1204412",
  "name": "Springfield City",
  "county": "Clark",
  "population": 60680,
  "producer": true,
  "source_class": "groundwater",
  "label": "Mad River Buried Valley Aquifer (12 wells)",
  "bodies": [
    "Mad River"
  ],
  "intakes": [],
  "wells": 12,
  "aquifer": "Mad River Valley Buried Aquifer",
  "notes": "Springfield's Eagle City Road well field (12 wells) draws groundwater from the Mad River Buried Valley Aquifer, a watercourse aquifer recharged largely by the adjacent Mad River.",
  "urls": [
    "https://springfieldohio.gov/download/6351/",
    "https://springfieldohio.gov/2025-drinking-water-consumer-confidence-report-is-now-available/",
    "https://springfieldohio.gov/service/water/"
  ],
  "chain": [
    "OH1204412"
  ],
  "plants": [
    {
      "n": "Springfield City Water Treatment Plant",
      "a": "201 Eagle City Road, Springfield, OH 45502",
      "la": 39.93,
      "lo": -83.756,
      "pt": "wellfield",
      "wb": "Mad River buried-valley aquifer",
      "src": "Groundwater from 12 wells along Eagle City Road in the Mad River buried-valley aquifer, pumped to the adjacent treatment plant",
      "cls": "groundwater",
      "in": [
        {
          "n": "Eagle City Road Well Field",
          "wb": "Mad River Buried Valley Aquifer - about 100 ft of glacial outwash sand and gravel along the Mad River, refilled by water soaking in from…",
          "role": "primary",
          "src": "12 wells along Eagle City Road beside the Mad River, each able to pump 3.5 million gallons a day to the adjacent plant (12 wells · 100-115 ft)",
          "la": 39.93,
          "lo": -83.756,
          "pt": "plant",
          "wells": [
            "Well 1",
            "Well 2",
            "Well 3",
            "Well 4",
            "Well 5",
            "Well 6",
            "Well 7",
            "Well 8",
            "Well 9",
            "Well 10",
            "Well 11",
            "Well 12"
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "facts": {
    "hist": [
      [
        "1882",
        "The City of Springfield's first public water system was established (not 1801, which is the city's founding date)."
      ],
      [
        "1958",
        "The Eagle City Road water treatment plant was constructed, replacing the older Pumphouse Road treatment facility."
      ],
      [
        "2025",
        "The plant produced 3,504,231,000 gallons of potable water, met or exceeded all drinking water standards, and held an Unconditional License to Operate."
      ],
      [
        "2025",
        "First PFAS sampling event under the 2024 federal PFAS rule was completed October 16, 2025; PFOS was detected at 2.80 ppt against the new 4 ppt MCL, all other regulated PFAS non-detect."
      ]
    ],
    "treat": "Groundwater from 12 wells (100-115 ft deep) along Eagle City Road in the Mad River Buried Valley Aquifer feeds two parallel treatment trains rated 18 MGD each: lime for softening, ferric sulfate to remove excess lime and suspended solids, coagulation/flocculation and sedimentation, filtration…",
    "press": "not published — no citywide psi figure in the sources reviewed. The 2021 annual report notes an eastern pressure district expansion and booster pump station work, confirming…",
    "rate": {
      "g": null,
      "n": "Not substantiated. The city references a Water and Sewer Customer Fee Schedule PDF but publishes no readable per-ccf or per-1,000-gallon figure. The 2025 rate-increase article…",
      "m": null
    },
    "imp": [
      [
        "Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM)",
        "23",
        "ppb",
        "80",
        "2025",
        "Disinfection byproduct; range 20.6-23 ppb, well under the MCL."
      ],
      [
        "Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)",
        "3.9",
        "ppb",
        "60",
        "2025",
        "Disinfection byproduct; range 1.6-3.9 ppb, far under the MCL."
      ],
      [
        "Nitrate",
        "1.11",
        "ppm",
        "10",
        "2025",
        "Roughly a tenth of the MCL despite an agricultural recharge area."
      ],
      [
        "PFOS",
        "2.80",
        "ppt",
        "4",
        "2025",
        "Detected below but close to the new federal MCL; other five regulated PFAS non-detect."
      ],
      [
        "Lead (90th percentile)",
        "0.00",
        "ppb",
        "15 (action…",
        "2023",
        "0 of 32 samples above the action level."
      ],
      [
        "Copper (90th percentile)",
        "0.0059",
        "ppm",
        "1.3 (action…",
        "2023",
        "0 of 32 samples above the action level."
      ],
      [
        "Fluoride",
        "0.22",
        "ppm",
        "4",
        "2023",
        "Well under the MCL."
      ],
      [
        "Barium",
        "0.0221",
        "ppm",
        "2",
        "2023",
        "Naturally occurring; about 1% of the MCL."
      ]
    ],
    "proj": [
      [
        "Water treatment plant and well field capital work",
        null,
        "2021",
        "completed",
        "Eastern pressure district expansion, four high service pump replacements, four lime slaker replacements, rehabilitation of three wells, and removal of 12…"
      ],
      [
        "Lead and Copper Rule service line inventory",
        null,
        "",
        "completed",
        "Public service line inventory published online, listing material types by address."
      ],
      [
        "PFAS monitoring under the 2024 federal PFAS rule",
        null,
        "2025",
        "under construction",
        "First of the required sampling events completed October 16, 2025; monitoring program runs to the April 26, 2027 deadline."
      ]
    ],
    "plan": [
      [
        "Continued PFAS compliance monitoring",
        null,
        "2027",
        "planned",
        "Federal rule requires finished-water PFAS monitoring completed by April 26, 2027; PFOS at 2.80 ppt sits just under the 4 ppt MCL."
      ]
    ],
    "stress": "The Mad River Buried Valley Aquifer well field has limited natural protection from infiltrating contaminants, and the city's CCR states the aquifer has a high susceptibility to contamination. The well field sits along the Mad River at Eagle City Road. Pressure is on source quality and a PFOS result near the new MCL, not on supply…",
    "sew": {
      "s": "The City of Springfield operates its own wastewater treatment plant discharging to the Mad River. Older parts of the collection system are combined, and combined sewer overflows are addressed under an Ohio EPA Long Term Control Plan update.",
      "st": "Stormwater in older neighborhoods moves through the combined sewer system, addressed under the same Long Term Control Plan. Plant staff also maintain open storm channels, including the U.S. 68 channel and Red Coach drainage tributary."
    },
    "fun": [
      "Each of Springfield's 12 wells can pump 3.5 million gallons a day from 100-115 feet down, feeding a plant rated for 36 MGD that actually averages about 9.",
      "The raw water is genuinely hard — about 347 mg/L — and lime softening cuts it to roughly 147 mg/L, from 20.2 grains per gallon down to 8.6.",
      "Water moves through two parallel treatment trains, each 100 feet wide and 465 feet long and each able to handle 18 million gallons a day.",
      "In 2025 the plant produced just over 3.5 billion gallons, and its first PFAS test found PFOS at 2.80 parts per trillion against a brand-new federal limit of 4."
    ]
  },
  "zips_served": [
    {
      "zip": "45501",
      "share": 1.0,
      "dominant": true
    },
    {
      "zip": "45505",
      "share": 0.8474,
      "dominant": true
    },
    {
      "zip": "45506",
      "share": 0.8042,
      "dominant": true
    },
    {
      "zip": "45503",
      "share": 0.7362,
      "dominant": true
    },
    {
      "zip": "45504",
      "share": 0.5999,
      "dominant": true
    },
    {
      "zip": "45502",
      "share": 0.0616,
      "dominant": true
    }
  ],
  "photo": {
    "url": "/photos/OH1204412.jpg",
    "caption": "A water tower in Springfield, Ohio",
    "credit": "Cindy Funk",
    "license": "CC BY 2.0"
  },
  "url": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH1204412/",
  "api": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/water/OH1204412.json",
  "generated": "2026-09-16",
  "license": "CC BY 4.0 for the compilation; each source keeps its own terms",
  "cite": "Cracked Buckeye (Open Shower Co), \"Springfield City · OH1204412\", https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH1204412/, built 2026-09-16, accessed [date].",
  "schema": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/schema.json"
}