{ "type": "water", "pwsid": "OH0903012", "name": "Trenton City", "county": "Butler", "population": 13012, "producer": true, "source_class": "groundwater", "label": "Great Miami River Buried Valley Aquifer (wells)", "bodies": [], "intakes": [], "wells": 4, "aquifer": "Great Miami River Buried Valley Aquifer / Trenton Buried Valley Aquifer", "notes": "Trenton uses two well fields overlying the Great Miami River Alluvial/Buried Valley Aquifer and the local Trenton Buried Valley Aquifer; only fluoride and chlorine are added, later supplemented by ion-exchange softening.", "urls": [ "https://trentonoh.gov/239/Water", "https://trentonoh.gov/ArchiveCenter/ViewFile/Item/80" ], "chain": [ "OH0903012" ], "plants": [ { "n": "Trenton Water Treatment Plant (Ion Exchange WTP)", "la": 39.4995, "lo": -84.4585, "pt": "approximate", "wb": "Great Miami River Buried Valley Aquifer / Trenton Buried Valley Aquifer", "src": "Great Miami River Buried Valley Aquifer (wells)", "cls": "groundwater", "in": [ { "n": "Avenue Well Field", "wb": "Trenton Buried Valley Aquifer (sand and gravel, part of the Great Miami Buried Valley Aquifer system)", "role": "primary", "src": "Named 'Avenue' well field in city materials; pumps the Trenton Buried Valley Aquifer within city limits via vertical turbine pumps. (2 wells)", "la": 39.4995, "lo": -84.4585, "pt": "approximate", "wells": [ "Well 2" ] }, { "n": "Second Well Field (unnamed)", "wb": "Great Miami River Alluvial Aquifer / Great Miami River Buried Valley Aquifer (sand and gravel)", "role": "secondary", "src": "City documents describe 'two separate well fields' supplying the system; this second field's exact site is not named in public sources. (2 wells)", "la": 39.4995, "lo": -84.4585, "pt": "approximate", "wells": [ "Well H", "Well N" ] } ] } ], "facts": { "hist": [ [ "2006", "Trenton built its Ion Exchange Water Treatment Plant to cut the hardness of its groundwater significantly. Before that the city pumped water directly from the wells into the distribution system…" ], [ "2025", "Routine lead and copper sampling at 121 sites found one site (Site 1) at 29.6 ppb, above the 15 ppb action level, though the 90th percentile was 0.88 ppb and no action level exceedance or violation…" ], [ "2026", "Construction of a new water tower reached the foundation footing stage, reported in the City Manager's weekly council report for the week of 3-2-2026." ], [ "2026", "Reducing water loss became City Council's number one priority area, with the stated goal of bringing the figure down from 40%. Staff are verifying and replacing large meters and running leak…" ] ], "treat": "Groundwater only. Raw water is drawn by vertical turbine well pumps from four supply wells across two separate well fields inside the corporate limits, tapping three aquifers identified by Ohio EPA: the Great Miami River Alluvial Aquifer, the Great Miami River Buried Valley Aquifer, and the Trenton…", "press": "No pressure figure is published, but the system's structure is documented: Trenton operates a single pressure system — one pressure zone served by four supply wells, one treatment…", "rate": { "g": 6.32, "n": "From the city's published Residential Utility Charges table, 2026 column. Water: $21.95 monthly flat rate including the first 2,000 gallons, then tiered consumption charges of…", "m": 34.59 }, "imp": [ [ "Lead (90th percentile)", "0.88", "ppb", "15 (action…", "2025", "Range ND-29.6 ppb. 1 of 121 sites exceeded the action level — Site 1 at 29.6 ppb, nearly double the AL. The 90th…" ], [ "Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)", "520", "ppm", "500 (secondary)", "2024", "Range 484-556 ppm. EXCEEDS the 500 ppm secondary maximum contaminant level. Secondary standards are aesthetic — taste…" ], [ "Nitrate", "4.06", "ppm", "10", "2025", "Range 3.36-4.81 ppm — about 41% of the MCL, and the CCR states plainly that nitrates 'have been detected at elevated…" ], [ "Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS)", "3.15", "ppt", "4.0", "2024", "Reported in the CCR as 0.00315 ppb, range 0.0030-0.0033 ppb. At about 79% of the federal MCL adopted in 2024, this is…" ], [ "Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)", "1.95", "ppt", "4.0", "2024", "Reported as 0.00195 ppb, range 0.0019-0.0020 ppb. About half the federal MCL. UCMR 5 sampling." ], [ "Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS)", "3.0", "ppt", "10 (hazard…", "2024", "Reported as 0.0030 ppb, range 0.0028-0.0032 ppb. Regulated through EPA's mixture Hazard Index rather than an individual…" ], [ "Chloride", "81.35", "ppm", "250 (secondary)", "2024", "Range 72.2-90.5 ppm. Under the aesthetic limit but high for a groundwater system, and a contributor to the elevated TDS." ], [ "Copper (90th percentile)", "0.217", "ppm", "1.3 (action…", "2025", "Range 0.00018-0.687 ppm; 0 of 121 sites over the action level. Supersedes the 2022 figure of 0.127 ppm." ], [ "Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM)", "10.6", "ppb", "80", "2025", "Range 6.8-12.8 ppb — about 13% of the MCL, as expected for a groundwater source with little organic precursor material.…" ], [ "Fluoride", "0.833", "ppm", "4", "2025", "Range 0.4-1.05 ppm. Naturally occurring plus sodium fluoride added for dental health; close to the 0.7 ppm optimum.…" ] ], "proj": [ [ "New water tower", null, "2026", "under construction", "Reported by the Service Director as being in the foundation footing stage in the City Manager's weekly council report for the week of 3-2-2026. No contract…" ], [ "Water main extensions, Trenton Square development", null, "2026", "under construction", "City staff are filling water main extensions and nearing utility testing for the Trenton Square residential development, per the 3-2-2026 weekly council…" ], [ "Water loss reduction program", null, "2026", "under construction", "City Council priority area #1. Staff are studying the system city-wide, verifying all large meters and replacing several that were masking loss, installing…" ] ], "plan": [ [ "Wellhead / source water protection plan", null, "", "planned", "The 2025 CCR states the city 'has placed a priority on protecting its groundwater through the development of a wellhead/source water protection plan,' given…" ], [ "Water Engineering and Standard Operating Procedure services", null, "2026", "proposed", "Staff completed the water RFQ evaluation and sent an RFP to qualified firms, with internal discussions to go to Council soon, per the 3-2-2026 weekly council…" ] ], "stress": "Ohio EPA classifies Trenton's sand-and-gravel aquifer as having HIGH susceptibility to contamination. The city has identified 18 potential contaminant sources within the wellhead protection area, including septic systems, stormwater wells, agricultural activities, gravel pits, underground storage tanks, and some commercial sources. The…", "sew": { "s": "Split responsibility. The City of Trenton's Sewer Division owns and maintains over 55 miles of sanitary sewer, about a half-mile of sanitary force main, and one lift station, and inspects, cleans and cameras roughly 4.5 miles of sewer main a year, repairing or replacing defects. Sewage flows by gravity to the lift station on the south…", "st": "The city bills a flat residential stormwater charge of $3.65 per month in 2026, up from $3.50 in 2024-2025 and $3.30 in 2020-2021 — a distinct line item on every residential utility bill alongside water, sewer, streetlight and refuse. City crews maintain…" }, "fun": [ "Trenton pumped almost 470 million gallons of groundwater in 2025 — but City Council's top priority is that around 40% of the water entering the system never reaches a billed customer.", "The city sits on three separate aquifers named by Ohio EPA: the Great Miami River Alluvial Aquifer, the Great Miami River Buried Valley Aquifer, and the Trenton Buried Valley Aquifer.", "Before 2006, Trenton's well water went from the wells straight into the distribution system with no softening at all — only chlorine and fluoride were added, because the raw groundwater quality was already so high.", "Trenton doesn't fully soften its water: only part of the flow passes through the four ion exchangers, and the softened water is deliberately blended back with raw water before reaching the clearwell.", "The city's sewage travels under the bed of the Great Miami River in a force main to reach Butler County's LeSourdsville plant on the far bank." ], "src": { "history": [ "https://trentonoh.gov/ArchiveCenter/ViewFile/Item/83", "https://trentonoh.gov/239/Water", "https://trentonoh.gov/DocumentCenter/View/2417/3-2-2026-Weekly-Council-Report" ], "treatment": [ "https://trentonoh.gov/ArchiveCenter/ViewFile/Item/83", "https://trentonoh.gov/239/Water" ], "pressure": [ "https://trentonoh.gov/239/Water", "https://trentonoh.gov/ArchiveCenter/ViewFile/Item/83", "https://trentonoh.gov/DocumentCenter/View/2417/3-2-2026-Weekly-Council-Report" ], "rates": [ "https://trentonoh.gov/359/Residential-Utility-Charges", "https://trentonoh.gov/AgendaCenter/ViewFile/Minutes/_01082026-527" ], "impurities": [ "https://trentonoh.gov/ArchiveCenter/ViewFile/Item/83" ], "projects": [ "https://trentonoh.gov/DocumentCenter/View/2417/3-2-2026-Weekly-Council-Report" ], "planned": [ "https://trentonoh.gov/ArchiveCenter/ViewFile/Item/83", "https://trentonoh.gov/DocumentCenter/View/2417/3-2-2026-Weekly-Council-Report" ], "water_stress": [ "https://trentonoh.gov/ArchiveCenter/ViewFile/Item/83", "https://trentonoh.gov/DocumentCenter/View/2417/3-2-2026-Weekly-Council-Report" ], "sewer": [ "https://trentonoh.gov/238/Sewer", "https://trentonoh.gov/239/Water", "https://trentonoh.gov/359/Residential-Utility-Charges", "https://www.bcohio.gov/board_of_commissioners/commissioner_departments/water_sewer/wastewater.php" ], "fun_facts": [ "https://trentonoh.gov/ArchiveCenter/ViewFile/Item/83", "https://trentonoh.gov/239/Water", "https://trentonoh.gov/238/Sewer", "https://trentonoh.gov/359/Residential-Utility-Charges" ] } }, "zips_served": [ { "zip": "45067", "share": 0.8749, "dominant": true } ], "photo": { "url": "/photos/OH0903012.jpg", "caption": "State Street Bridge over the Great Miami River in Trenton, Ohio (2023)", "credit": "Antony-22", "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0" }, "url": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH0903012/", "api": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/water/OH0903012.json", "generated": "2026-09-16", "license": "CC BY 4.0 for the compilation; each source keeps its own terms", "cite": "Cracked Buckeye (Open Shower Co), \"Trenton City · OH0903012\", https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH0903012/, built 2026-09-16, accessed [date].", "schema": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/schema.json" }