{
  "type": "water",
  "pwsid": "OH0400411",
  "name": "Conneaut",
  "county": "Ashtabula",
  "population": 12538,
  "producer": true,
  "source_class": "erie",
  "label": "Lake Erie",
  "bodies": [
    "Lake Erie"
  ],
  "intakes": [
    "Conneaut Lake Erie"
  ],
  "wells": 0,
  "aquifer": "",
  "notes": "Own intake directly from Lake Erie; no wells or purchased water listed.",
  "urls": [
    "https://www.conneautohio.org/"
  ],
  "chain": [
    "OH0400411"
  ],
  "plants": [],
  "facts": {
    "hist": [
      [
        "1933",
        "The Conneaut water treatment facility and its Lake Erie intake structure - one intake with three cribs, about 1,900 feet offshore in roughly 20 feet of water - were constructed."
      ],
      [
        "1991-2002",
        "Ohio EPA compliance monitoring of treated water over this period found no contaminants of concern tied to the Lake Erie source, per the 2003 source water assessment."
      ],
      [
        "2003",
        "Ohio EPA published the Drinking Water Source Assessment for Conneaut, identifying 24 oil/gas production wells and 33 potential contaminant sources in the Potential Influence Zone, and calculating an…"
      ],
      [
        "2025-01-22",
        "System failed to report manganese: the sample was shipped to a state lab and lost in transit during a severe winter storm."
      ],
      [
        "2025-05-15",
        "System failed to report sample results to Ohio EPA within the required time frame; the city enacted a more comprehensive management plan in response."
      ],
      [
        "2025",
        "System held an unconditioned license to operate and reported no violations affecting consumer health; 82 different contaminants were sampled."
      ]
    ],
    "treat": "Lake Erie water enters through a single 1933 intake structure with three cribs, about 1,900 feet offshore at roughly 20 feet depth (about one-third mile north of the plant), where a potassium permanganate feed controls zebra mussels. Treatment is screening, chemical addition, rapid mixing…",
    "press": "Not published. Four elevated storage tanks and one standpipe hold approximately 1.97 million gallons; no distribution pressure figure is published.",
    "rate": {
      "g": 9.94,
      "n": "2026 tiered residential schedule for City of Conneaut sections I, II, III and V: $27.75 minimum for the first 2,000 gallons, then $9.94 per 1,000 gallons for the next 8,000, $9.04…",
      "m": 47.63
    },
    "imp": [
      [
        "Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM)",
        "32.85",
        "ppb",
        "80",
        "2025",
        "Range 9.40-34 ppb; disinfection by-product; no violation."
      ],
      [
        "Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)",
        "22.68",
        "ppb",
        "60",
        "2025",
        "Range 0-31.8 ppb; disinfection by-product; no violation."
      ],
      [
        "Total Chlorine",
        "1.63",
        "ppm",
        "MRDL 4",
        "2025",
        "Range 1.37-1.75 ppm; disinfectant residual."
      ],
      [
        "Fluoride",
        "0.99",
        "ppm",
        "4",
        "2025",
        "Range 0.86-1.16 ppm; natural deposits plus additive."
      ],
      [
        "Barium",
        "0.017",
        "ppm",
        "2",
        "2025",
        "Drilling wastes, metal refinery discharge, erosion of natural deposits."
      ],
      [
        "Nitrate",
        "0.500",
        "ppm",
        "10",
        "2025",
        "Range 0-0.500 ppm; well below the limit."
      ],
      [
        "Turbidity",
        "0.16",
        "NTU",
        "TT (treatment…",
        "2025",
        "Range 0.06-0.16 NTU; 100% of monthly samples met the limit."
      ],
      [
        "Total Organic Carbon (removal ratio)",
        "1.09",
        "ratio",
        "TT (must exceed…",
        "2025",
        "Range 1.00-1.33; in compliance, but with little margin."
      ],
      [
        "Lead (90th percentile)",
        "2.2",
        "ppb",
        "15 (action…",
        "2025",
        "1 of 30 samples exceeded the 15 ppb action level, with the individual result reported at 430 ppb; no action-level…"
      ],
      [
        "Copper (90th percentile)",
        "0.43",
        "ppm",
        "1.3 (action…",
        "2025",
        "1 of 30 samples exceeded the 1.3 ppm action level, with the individual result at 1.5 ppm; 90th percentile below the…"
      ]
    ],
    "proj": [
      [
        "Intake crib repairs",
        null,
        "2003",
        "completed",
        "Two of the three intake cribs had recently been repaired as of the 2003 Ohio EPA source water assessment, with the third scheduled for maintenance that year.…"
      ],
      [
        "Wastewater Treatment Plant mercury reduction project",
        null,
        "",
        "unknown",
        "The city's wastewater page posts a mercury reduction project presentation and supporting material on mercury usage. No cost, schedule or completion date is…"
      ]
    ],
    "plan": [],
    "stress": "The 2025 CCR states the Conneaut drinking water protection area is susceptible to contamination from municipal wastewater discharges, industrial wastewater discharges, atmospheric deposition, residential and urban runoff, contaminated river sediments, oil and gas production and transportation, and accidental releases from rail…",
    "sew": {
      "s": "City of Conneaut Wastewater Treatment Plant, 1206 Broad St. Ext. (440-593-7434). The 2003 source water assessment identifies municipal wastewater treatment discharge as one of the potential contaminant sources in the intake's protection area. The plant posts a mercury reduction project. Ohio EPA's 2022 rate survey lists an annual…",
      "st": "Not published. Ohio EPA's 2022 rate survey records no residential stormwater charge for Conneaut, and the city posts no stormwater utility or MS4 page; combined-vs-separate sewer status is not stated."
    },
    "fun": [
      "Conneaut's drinking water starts about 1,900 feet out in Lake Erie, at roughly 20 feet of depth, through an intake structure with three underwater cribs that has been in service since 1933.",
      "The first chemical added is not a disinfectant: potassium permanganate is fed right at the intake specifically to keep invasive zebra mussels from clogging it.",
      "Conneaut Harbor is a dry-bulk coal port sitting beside the water intake's protection zone - about 5.7 million tons of coal moved through it in the 2002 navigation season, down from more than 7 million in 2001.",
      "Conneaut is Ohio's northeasternmost city, in the corner where the state meets Pennsylvania on the Lake Erie shore.",
      "In 2025 a single one of 30 lead tap samples came back at 430 ppb - 29 times the action level - yet the system's 90th-percentile result was 2.2 ppb, so no exceedance was triggered."
    ],
    "src": {
      "history": [
        "https://webgen1files.revize.com/conneautoh/DrinkingWaterSource%20Assesment_Conneaut_OH0400411.pdf",
        "https://webgen1files.revize.com/conneautoh/CCR%20%202025.pdf"
      ],
      "treatment": [
        "https://webgen1files.revize.com/conneautoh/DrinkingWaterSource%20Assesment_Conneaut_OH0400411.pdf",
        "https://webgen1files.revize.com/conneautoh/CCR%20%202025.pdf"
      ],
      "pressure": [
        "https://webgen1files.revize.com/conneautoh/DrinkingWaterSource%20Assesment_Conneaut_OH0400411.pdf"
      ],
      "rates": [
        "https://conneautohio.gov/departments/roads_utilities/2022_water_rates.php",
        "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/epa.ohio.gov/Portals/43/Rate%20Reports/Ohio_EPA_2022_Sewer_and_Water_Rate_Survey.pdf"
      ],
      "impurities": [
        "https://webgen1files.revize.com/conneautoh/CCR%20%202025.pdf",
        "https://www.conneautohio.gov/departments/roads_utilities/water.php"
      ],
      "projects": [
        "https://webgen1files.revize.com/conneautoh/DrinkingWaterSource%20Assesment_Conneaut_OH0400411.pdf",
        "https://www.conneautohio.gov/departments/roads_utilities/wastewater.php"
      ],
      "water_stress": [
        "https://webgen1files.revize.com/conneautoh/CCR%20%202025.pdf",
        "https://webgen1files.revize.com/conneautoh/DrinkingWaterSource%20Assesment_Conneaut_OH0400411.pdf"
      ],
      "sewer": [
        "https://www.conneautohio.gov/departments/roads_utilities/wastewater.php",
        "https://webgen1files.revize.com/conneautoh/DrinkingWaterSource%20Assesment_Conneaut_OH0400411.pdf",
        "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/epa.ohio.gov/Portals/43/Rate%20Reports/Ohio_EPA_2022_Sewer_and_Water_Rate_Survey.pdf"
      ],
      "fun_facts": [
        "https://webgen1files.revize.com/conneautoh/DrinkingWaterSource%20Assesment_Conneaut_OH0400411.pdf",
        "https://webgen1files.revize.com/conneautoh/CCR%20%202025.pdf"
      ]
    }
  },
  "zips_served": [
    {
      "zip": "44030",
      "share": 0.7242,
      "dominant": true
    },
    {
      "zip": "44048",
      "share": 0.0211,
      "dominant": false
    }
  ],
  "photo": {
    "url": "/photos/OH0400411.jpg",
    "caption": "The water tower in Conneaut, Ohio",
    "credit": "Michael A. Orlando",
    "license": "CC BY-SA 3.0"
  },
  "url": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH0400411/",
  "api": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/water/OH0400411.json",
  "generated": "2026-09-16",
  "license": "CC BY 4.0 for the compilation; each source keeps its own terms",
  "cite": "Cracked Buckeye (Open Shower Co), \"Conneaut · OH0400411\", https://crackedbuckeye.com/water/OH0400411/, built 2026-09-16, accessed [date].",
  "schema": "https://crackedbuckeye.com/api/schema.json"
}